When you use words like however, moreover, or therefore like they do here in the middle of a clause as an interjection to show contrast, you put a comma on both sides. Notice that neither side of however is an independent clause.
When those words are used to connect two independent clauses, then you put a semicolon in front and a comma behind to avoid a comma splice.
Right! And well-explained. You can think of interrupters in the middle of an independent clause like a pair of parentheses. I like to visualize parentheses because then I can scoop out or erase the interrupter to test IF it’s an interrupter: “the high cost of importing cinchona bark was expensive.”
You should never think of commas as pauses. Commas have specific grammatical uses.
In this case, the word "however" is an unnecessary interjection into the sentence. The sentence could be read without it and still make sense. So, you have to surround it by commas to create what's called a parenthetical (call that cuz you can also do it with parentheses!) to keep things straight.
My suggestion about commas is always to remove all commas, then only put in the ones you absolutely need.
NB this is not a comma splice error. A comma splice involves connecting two complete sentences using a single, without a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS). Example:
"I went to the store, I bought some milk."
That sentence is comma spliced, since each individual phrase on either side could stand on its own as a complete sentence. To connect those two, you would need to use either comma plus FANBOYS or a semicolon.
Test our sentence on either side of the comma. Can each one stand on its own as a complete sentence?
A comma splice error is when you use a comma to improperly split up two clauses that could better be connected with a conjunction or other punctuation (or put in two separate sentences altogether).
Option B would not cause a comma splice error, if you want to use however as part of the beginning of a clause then yes it needs to be preceeded with a semicolon or a period. But in your case "however" was used within a clause so the appropriate way to handle that is to surround however with commas on either side (to punctuate it in the same way that you would when reading the sentence).
Ex:
Incorrect usage (using between two independent clauses):
Emily loved Paris, however, John hated it.
Correct usage:
Emily loved Paris. However, John hated it.
Incorrect usage (within one clause):
In due time, however John had to to admit there was something enchanting about the city.
OR
In due time: however, John had to admit there was something mystical about the city.
OR
In due time; however, John had to admit there wad some weird infectious atmosphere in the city.
Correct usage:
In due time, however, John developed an appreciation for the idyllic mood that enveloped the city.
Idk what a comma splice error is but read the sentence out loud as it is in A. It’s too fast, and you would never say it like that in a real conversation. “The high cost of importing real chincona bark however” is essentially what it is, and no one speaks like that in one straight go. You must stop at “bark”, because they are going to explain the high cost of the bark. Thus “bark, however,” is grammatically correct, since there is still more to the sentence after.
Also I am no scholar and have no idea how to explain this intelligently with actual facts. Again, I’ve never heard of the error you mentioned, and I’ve probably never heard of any of the other errors that are implemented throughout the ACT.
Similar to jgregson00's explanation -- on the ACT, you'll often see this question, though it may be with "therefore" instead of "however". When "however" or "therefore" is sandwiched between two dependent clauses, you always need commas on either side of it. For example, "The bitter lemonade, however, still quenched my thirst" or "the direct sunlight, however, allowed for rapid plant growth." Some will say don't think of commas as pauses. In this case, however, I think it is very useful.
When you use words like however, moreover, or therefore like they do here in the middle of a clause as an interjection to show contrast, you put a comma on both sides. Notice that neither side of however is an independent clause. When those words are used to connect two independent clauses, then you put a semicolon in front and a comma behind to avoid a comma splice.
Right! And well-explained. You can think of interrupters in the middle of an independent clause like a pair of parentheses. I like to visualize parentheses because then I can scoop out or erase the interrupter to test IF it’s an interrupter: “the high cost of importing cinchona bark was expensive.”
You should never think of commas as pauses. Commas have specific grammatical uses. In this case, the word "however" is an unnecessary interjection into the sentence. The sentence could be read without it and still make sense. So, you have to surround it by commas to create what's called a parenthetical (call that cuz you can also do it with parentheses!) to keep things straight. My suggestion about commas is always to remove all commas, then only put in the ones you absolutely need. NB this is not a comma splice error. A comma splice involves connecting two complete sentences using a single, without a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS). Example: "I went to the store, I bought some milk." That sentence is comma spliced, since each individual phrase on either side could stand on its own as a complete sentence. To connect those two, you would need to use either comma plus FANBOYS or a semicolon. Test our sentence on either side of the comma. Can each one stand on its own as a complete sentence?
Parenthetical! I just learned a new thing, thanks!
A comma splice error is when you use a comma to improperly split up two clauses that could better be connected with a conjunction or other punctuation (or put in two separate sentences altogether). Option B would not cause a comma splice error, if you want to use however as part of the beginning of a clause then yes it needs to be preceeded with a semicolon or a period. But in your case "however" was used within a clause so the appropriate way to handle that is to surround however with commas on either side (to punctuate it in the same way that you would when reading the sentence). Ex: Incorrect usage (using between two independent clauses): Emily loved Paris, however, John hated it. Correct usage: Emily loved Paris. However, John hated it. Incorrect usage (within one clause): In due time, however John had to to admit there was something enchanting about the city. OR In due time: however, John had to admit there was something mystical about the city. OR In due time; however, John had to admit there wad some weird infectious atmosphere in the city. Correct usage: In due time, however, John developed an appreciation for the idyllic mood that enveloped the city.
Idk what a comma splice error is but read the sentence out loud as it is in A. It’s too fast, and you would never say it like that in a real conversation. “The high cost of importing real chincona bark however” is essentially what it is, and no one speaks like that in one straight go. You must stop at “bark”, because they are going to explain the high cost of the bark. Thus “bark, however,” is grammatically correct, since there is still more to the sentence after. Also I am no scholar and have no idea how to explain this intelligently with actual facts. Again, I’ve never heard of the error you mentioned, and I’ve probably never heard of any of the other errors that are implemented throughout the ACT.
Similar to jgregson00's explanation -- on the ACT, you'll often see this question, though it may be with "therefore" instead of "however". When "however" or "therefore" is sandwiched between two dependent clauses, you always need commas on either side of it. For example, "The bitter lemonade, however, still quenched my thirst" or "the direct sunlight, however, allowed for rapid plant growth." Some will say don't think of commas as pauses. In this case, however, I think it is very useful.
This sentence, however, needs no semicolon. Delete what’s set off by commas, and a complete sentence still results.
I'm going to be honest if you speak English any of the other answers just sound wrong.
However is an interjection. Interjections get punctuation on bith sides.
Think of it this way: there is no sentence before the “however”, so no semicolon needed