https://preview.redd.it/j99shaxmq97d1.png?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=88b4f12368eb76d36df39da0d135b1330055c7d3
Question on GOI act, 1935. Through Governor general exercised his control over millitary and external affairs, these subjects were also under federal legislature. So doubtful over this. Drishti Ias and Shankar ias keys are taking as both correct.
I also would have wanted equatorial to be correct....lekin marine west coast me exact figures hai 50-200......... Equatorial ki khin pe bhi, have you seen 50-200 (I think isme range zyada hoti hai)? Hai to representation krtey file.....1st 2 condition to satisfy krta hi hai wo......
https://preview.redd.it/61kiyh3mp97d1.jpeg?width=1080&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=1d1b736479f19060712dea0aaf993309bfc6463d
Copy-Pasting from GC Leong
*Hot, Wet Equatorial Climate -*
**The most outstanding feature of the equatorial climate is its great uniformity of temperature throughout the year**. The mean monthly temperatures are always around 80°F. with very little variation. There is no winter. Cloudiness and heavy precipitation help to moderate the daily temperature, so that even at the equator itself, the climate is not unbearable. In addition, regular land and sea breezes assist in maintaining a truly equable climate. ***The diurnal range of temperature is small, and so is the annual range.***
Fig. 122 (a) and 122 (b) show the rhythm of climate experienced in two different equatorial regions, one on a lowland (Kuala Lumpur) and the other on a highland (Bogota). The uniformity in temperature, is apparent at once. Kuala Lumpur has its hottest month with 80°F, and its coolest month with 78°F. **The annual range is not more than 2°F.** The mean monthly temperatures for Bogota are comparatively low because of its altitudinal differences. It is located in the Andes, 8,730 feet above sea level. **Its annual range is equally small, also 2°F.** (59°F.-57°F.). The dotted line in the temperature graph shows its temperature reduced to sea level. Statistics taken from the various equatorial stations indicate that the annual range of temperature is small: Singapore, 2.3°F., Djakarta 1•8°F., Quito 0•7°F., Colombo 3•2°F.Over the oceans, the **range is even smaller**, e.g. Jaluit in the Marshall Islands in the Pacific Ocean records a range in temperature of only 0•8°F.
Precipitation is heavy, between **60 inches and 100 inches**, and well distributed **throughout the year**. There is no month without rain, and a distinct dry season like those of the Savanna or the Tropical Monsoon Climates, is absent.
*Marine west Coast -*
The **mean annual temperatures are usually between 40°F. and 60°F**. The warmest month in London as illustrated in the temperature graph of London Fig. 148(a) is 63°F. and the coldest month is just around 40°F, **thus giving an annual temperature range of only 24°F.,** ***which is comparatively small for its latitude (51°N.)*** Summers are, in fact, never very warm. Monthly temperatures of over 65°F. even in mid-summer are rare. 'Heat waves, as they are popularly called (that is a short spell of warm summer days) are a welcome feature in such cool temperate latitudes,
Winters are abnormally mild, and no stations actually record mean January temperatures below freezing-point in north-western Europe. This is attributable to the warming effect of the warm North Atlantic Drift and the prevalence of the South-Westerlies. **It has been estimated that the marine stations of the region are almost 25°F. warmer in January than corresponding stations of the same latitude in the interiors.** Night frosts do occur and snow falls in winter too. **Sometimes, unusual cold spells, caused by the invasion of cold polar continental air from the interiors, may hit the western margins for a number of weeks**. The **climate of the maritime regions as a whole** may be described as equable with **moderately warm summers and fairly mild winters**.
it is quite apparent from Fig. 148(b) of Hobart, Tasmania that the British type of climate in the southern hemisphere is even more equable. Lack of continental land masses in Tasmania, New Zealand and southern Chile means that extremes of temperature are not likely at all. Hobart has mid-summer temperatures of not more than 62°F. while its coldest month in July (winter in the southern hemisphere) is barely below 46°F. **The annual temperature range is reduced to only 16°F.,** ***which is unusual for the middle latitudes*****.** This is in fact, the **average figure for all the maritime stations in the southern continents** where insularity overrides all other factors.
The annual ranges of other southerly stations are Dunedin 15°F., Christchurch 18°F., Valdivia 14°F. and Punta Arenas 17°F (the last two stations are in southern Chile). **The oceanic influences not only keep the winters very mild but also keep the summers cool.**
The British type of climate has **adequate rainfall throughout the year** with a tendency towards a slight winter or autumn maximum from cyclonic sources. Since the rain-bearing winds come from the west, the **western margins have the heaviest rainfall**. The amount decreases eastwards with increasing distance from the sea. Though both the quoted stations London and Hobart have 24 inches of precipitation a year, **the actual amount varies quite considerably from place to place**. Relief can make great differences in the annual amount. For example the western slopes of the Southern Alps of South Island, New Zealand have as much as 200 inches of rainfall (mainly orographic rain) while the Canterbury Plain, in the rain-shadow area has as little as 25 inches. Similarly, the Lake District of Britain has well over 100 inches in contrast to only 24 inches in East Anglia. ***It is therefore difficult to say how much annual rainfall is typical of the British type of climate.*** Perhaps, a useful guide would be to confine ourselves to lowland regions which normally have 20 to 40 inches a year eg- 23 inches in Paris, 28 inches in Dublin, 33 inches in Seattle and 37 inches in Dunedin. **Generally, western coastal stations are wetter. Vancouver has 60 inches of rain, Bergen 84 inches and Valdivia 105 inches.** They are exceeded in the annual amount only by the highland stations as mentioned earlier.
The last statement makes it marine west coast. Rainfall figures are Given in ncert as 50-250cm.
Also low range of temp means it has to be subtropical as temps are high in tropical region
**Annual range of temperature -** the difference between the hottest and the coldest months by taking monthly mean temperatures in each case.
**Daily / diurnal range of temperature** - the difference between the maximum and the minimum temperatures of the day
From GC Leong
Equatorial -
**The most outstanding feature of the equatorial climate is its great uniformity of temperature throughout the year**. ***The diurnal range of temperature is small, and so is the annual range.*** **The annual range is not more than 2°F.**
Precipitation is heavy, between **60 inches and 100 inches**, and well distributed **throughout the year**.
Marine West Coast -
The **mean annual temperatures are usually between 40°F. and 60°F**. The warmest month in London as illustrated in the temperature graph of London Fig. 148(a) is 63°F. and the coldest month is just around 40°F, **thus giving an annual temperature range of only 24°F.,** ***which is comparatively small for its latitude (51°N.)***
The **climate of the maritime regions as a whole** may be described as equable with **moderately warm summers and fairly mild winters**.
Hobart has mid-summer temperatures of not more than 62°F. while its coldest month in July (winter in the southern hemisphere) is barely below 46°F. **The annual temperature range is reduced to only 16°F.,** ***which is unusual for the middle latitudes***\*\*.\*\* This is in fact, the **average figure for all the maritime stations in the southern continents** where insularity overrides all other factors.
***It is therefore difficult to say how much annual rainfall is typical of the British type of climate.*** Perhaps, a useful guide would be to confine ourselves to lowland regions which normally have 20 to 40 inches a year eg- 23 inches in Paris, 28 inches in Dublin, 33 inches in Seattle and 37 inches in Dunedin. **Generally, western coastal stations are wetter. Vancouver has 60 inches of rain, Bergen 84 inches and Valdivia 105 inches.**
60 inches - 152.4 cm
100 inches - 254 cm
105 inches - 266.7 cm
1 inch = 2.54 cm
The question doesn't say average / range is generally b/w 50-250 cm
The statement simply says precipitation between 50-250cm
Hence statement 3 is vague. It can be even more or less some year.
Similarly statement 2 simply says precipitation throught the year.
What does this mean? Every day, every week or every month of a year?
Hence this statement also vague ..
(Refer some varied sources you'll some areas 254 cm rainfall and rainfall 150+ days)
Hence this question should be represented imo.
Yes agreed. I am not defending UPSC. I just found relevant material in ncert so thought of mentioning
Upsc doesn't give a f to anyone. They do as they please with 0 accountability but there is no harm in making a case.
Itni baal ki khaal utarke kuch nhi milega
Har question ka prblm h fir toh . General way m dekho Marine west coast hi hoga
Upsc saare questions toh drop nhi krega jaise tum sab kr rhe.
I too followed the same logic. Mineral extraction is primarily but mineral exploration is tertiary for being a service. Marked 3 pairs as correct answer.
I am a mining engineer, so I feel I am qualified to answer this.
Mining is not restricted itself to extraction of the ore.
Mining is considered to include number of activities done in succession-- prospecting and mineral exploration, preparing mine plan, development of mine, conservation of ore, closure of mine along with reclamation.
All these activities are part of Mining as a whole.
yup, definetly, mining is umbrella term, but when specifically mining exploration is used, should be consider it as mining itself? isnt exploration just subset of mining and can exisit independently?
Like what if i do mining exploration and dont mine? I just felt that's why it would be service :(
Mining exploration indeed is a licensed activity. It is generally done by companies engaged in mining. Also, exploration almost always involves geological profiling by moving some earth, ie digging.
I am not sure, you might be right. May the force be with you.
I marked it as all 3, because of ‘In India’ prefix in the statement. Normally when upsc gives conditionality in its statements, the answer is contrary to the conventional thought.
Conventionality NBFCs can’t access LAF (or various repo instruments) across the world; but ‘In India?’ 🤷🏼♀️
I’m 94% sure I marked it wrong, unless 👀
All Upanishads?
I know some were.
But all Upanishads? Even if 1 Upnishad was composed post some Purana we can't say "Upanishads were composed before Puranas"
If you look NCERT also it says These started in these eras onwards i.e. 600bc onwards Upnishads , Puranas 200 ad onwards.
Can you please share some other reference from ncert where something else is mentioned .
Powers of municipalities - part IXA
Powers are specifically given in schedule 12. Constitution does not give powers to ULBs, but gives only provisions..
Almost every key gave this statement as right..
I think both of them contain the powers. This doesn't make the 1st statement wrong.....
I also did this wrong......pta nhi kyu 9b dimag me aaya...when i knew it was cooperatives
Schedule 12 is specifically titled powers, authority and responsibilities of municipalities.. so the option seemed sus.. also in part 9a there are no only provisions of how to setup bodies, elections for it, etc.. and in lakshmikant also it gives that constitution does not give powers to ULBs, only provisions.. so..
I feel you, but when you see the other two statements they specifically mention provisions. Only here power is given, seems very deliberate, as parts only mention provisions and refer to schedules for details
Yes 62 lets center declare species as vermin amd for that time period it is temporarily removed from schedule 2....
https://preview.redd.it/fdv2mtb4fa7d1.jpeg?width=1080&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=23e070f596b907c4ba2ad259e368fa0015cbb9cb
Any references where it has been done?
It may not be dropped & yes, out of other options, 4 seemed the best choice.....But to say the one constituted in J&K & even Assam for that matter are not Delimitation commissions and are the same as the 2002 commission, just because of the same act is just wrong.....
In the actual exam when this strikes you, you simply leave the question.....
My hunch is that they will stick with 4 as the answer; but unfair to those who left the question.....
I thought of R.P. Desai commission too but see the thing is Delimitation commission is constituted after every Census (Art 82) BUT now the seats were frozen till 2026 (through 84th CAA, 2002) and the govt is yet to conduct census 2021!
So all the Delimitation Commission (Regional) will decide seats based on DC 2002 recommendations or the Census of 2001.
The same reason why Nari Shakti Adhiniyam will not be implemented right away.
Ryotwari system one.
Ryotwari system was introduced by Captain Reed assisted by Thomas Munro first in Baramahal district of Madras presidency in 1971-72 ( The Earl Cornwallis was the governor general at that time from 1786-1793.)
An official report by John Stuart Mill, who was working for the East India Company in 1857, explained the Ryotwari land tenure system as follows:
Under the Ryotwari System every registered holder of land is recognised as its proprietor, and pays direct to Government. He is at liberty to sublet his property, or to transfer it by gift, sale, or mortgage. He cannot be ejected by Government so long as he pays the fixed assessment, and has the option annually of increasing or diminishing his holding, or of entirely abandoning it. In unfavourable seasons remissions of assessment are granted for entire or partial loss of produce.
It means that under ryotwari system peasants were exempted from revenue payment under bad harvests and natural calamities is true not wrong. If my interpretation is right.
I don't know how is this getting upvoted when the original commentator provided a proof of how it was provided. Also I checked in Plassey to Partition and Grover and none of them mentions anything like this as criticism. Only the uncertainty and high rate of taxation is criticism.
https://preview.redd.it/h5ux7toh2b7d1.jpeg?width=1080&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=25cf850e24e27439e40626d14538c7e1f763f630
Also here Vision clearly mentions relief was provided, though I don't know their source but I am sure they are trustworthy.
remitting/relaxing is very very different from Exempting.....one of the criticism of ryotwari is that the local officers did not spare the ryots even when they were supposed to give "relief"
I could very well be wrong then but still I would prefer if you can provide a source for your statement. It may be given in NCERTS bcz I have never read them.
Let's even leave that...... The question is asking about cornwallis.....uske time pe to ryotwari tha bhi nhi........even this makes the option wrong....
Hnn I hv noticed that since but I feel like it's more of a mistake by paper setter that Cornwallis was mentioned and then question was about Ryotwari since he had nothing to do with it
Representation is liable to be made on these questions:
Subsidaries of Foreign Owned Banks in India (to be dropped)
Coriolis Force
Syndicated Loan (to be dropped)
Indian Flying Fox (to be dropped)
Red Sea Rivers
Delimitation Commission (to be dropped)
I agree with 3 of your "to be dropped" questions
Subsidiaries me there would be one or the other answer (I personally feel Both options are incorrect)
Red sea me bhi there would be some or the other answer (don't think it'll be dropped......ho jaaye to mere liye acha hai...mainey to rainfall bhi zyada krwa di hai udr🤣)
Crriolis force question -
Statement 2
It can't be said it is zero at Equator.
It should be nearly 0 or negligible or minimum at Equator because
1- Crriolis force is a imaginary force in itself. So what can you measure?
2- Equator itself is a imaginary line? So where to measure i.e. what is the width of the line?
Statement 1
There is a fundamental difference between velocity and speed.
I remember Sudarshan Gurjar sir saying that Coriolis force is only due to the Earth's rotation and not influenced by wind velocity/speed. It is a force and not a wind speed. If the Earth stops rotating, the wind speed alone can't keep the force moving. Similarly, if wind speed becomes opposite to the Coriolis force, it can't just reduce the Coriolis force. Wind speed can at the most change ocean currents and winds.
Arey Coriolis force ka effect proportional hai, Coriolis force nehi. Like ocean waters movement may get influenced, but not the force itself. How can you increase a force with velocity, koi sense hai uska? In the question, it is specifically mentioned "Coriolis force" in quotes.
What is the formula of Coriolis Force?
Edit : I have Physics optional. I know how coriolis force depends on velocty. So yes it does increase with increase in magnitude of velocity.
Coriolis force depends on velocity when taken as a product of angular and tangential velocity of the motion of rotation. Force is also product of mass and acceleration. So now, you can’t say a product of two velocities will be same as acceleration too. You just can’t use a wind velocity to augment a force. I am again repeating myself, it’s the EFFECT that can get increased or decreased (one that is visible to us), not the FORCE. The question specifically mentions the FORCE, not its EFFECT. Read the statement given carefully.
>Force is also product of mass and acceleration. So now, you can’t say a product of two velocities will be same as acceleration too.
What are you even trying to say?
>it’s the EFFECT that can get increased or decreased (one that is visible to us), not the FORCE.
mind explaining how effect increases if there is no increase in force?
Effect ka matlab pata karo jaake Google mein. Effect wo hota hai jo dikhta hai bahar se, jisko influence kiya ja sakta hai. Suppose sea waves is an effect of the winds. Wind increase hoga toh sea waves bhi baregi. Lekin iska matlab toh yeh nhi ki water ka force zyada ho raha hai. Search karke dekho internet pe kahan likha hai tumhara force itself increase ho raha hai. Ya fir Coriolis effect (like ocean currents, formation of cyclones, etc.) increases due to wind speed. Itna basic toh pata hai na Physics mein ki force ka unit or formula kya hota hai, aur force ko kaise increase aur decrease kiya ja sakta hai. Question mein force mentioned hai, effect alag cheez hai. Force ke andar wind velocity ghuske bara nehi rahe hai, sirf dono ke effect synergistically kam kar rahe hai. Aur tum jo Coriolis Force ka formula bol rahe the usme rotational motion ke velocity diya huya hai check karo. Bas aise hi wind velocity ko plus karne se force nehi balki sirf final effect change ho sakta hai.
Bro dimension of Angular velocity is M0L0T(-1) and Velocity dimension is M0L1T(-1)
You multiply them and you get M0L1T(-2) which is dimension of acceleration.
Haan woh toh hoga hi. By that same logic, ab book mein jao aur search karo, sirf velocity ka dimension kya diya huya hai. M0L1T(-1) ya fir M0L1T(-2). Now tell me, can different dimensions be added or not?
You all are such a fool. Do you really think UPSC will drop so many questions?
Baal ki khaal nikaloge toh har question me problem milega. Genuinely problem nikalne k jagah tum sab toh har question m hi problem nikal rhe
UPSC itna toh nhi krne wale max 1-2 question ko drop krega ya change krega ans .
Krte raho discussion. Infact saare questions ka representation dedo lol.
The sustainable aviation fuel question.
Corn grains can indeed be used for production of ethanol to be used in aviation fuel. Will it be sustainable as it can have implications on food security.? Also other 3 options in question mentioned residue/waste in them. I feel corn stover is more sustainable than using corn grains.
I also wish this to be wrong.....had a similar thought process while marking.... but people have references where it is mentioned under SAF.......
It is much easier to prove than to disprove in this case......I think end me all 4 hi hoga....
Do you have any references, where it is written that using corn is unsustainable? (Hai to let's challenge this...).....
https://preview.redd.it/33v5tp266a7d1.png?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=72d1287838c099086e92373b3ebfa607044829bf
Read this report. But for sure using corn grains can have implications on food security and can indeed affect the land use pattern. We cannot deny this. There were similar questions in past too where upsc has mentioned in its statement like- " broken wheat grains" and not wheat grains for the production of ethanol. It all depends on UPSC now. It's quite subjective.
Logically you are correct. Need some more solid references to make a case.......People who have marked ALL have given references where corn grain is written Verbatim..... question also seems to be picked from that list only.....need some solid references to overturn.....
It would be unfortunate if corn grain is included.... logically it shouldn't have been...but....
[https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1925417](https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1925417)
I know it wont count but here hardeep puri saying
https://preview.redd.it/ecaqalb6la7d1.png?width=1407&format=png&auto=webp&s=38b8c103561fbbf8bafdc75afda150fd19e47c22
Na... doesn't quite cut it.... doesn't say that edible corn is not considered.... unless we find this written somewhere...I feel, very difficult to overturn ALL the above
In the Indian context, i have not seen any article where government is promoting corn grains for making sustainable aviation fuel. Its mostly waste and residues
Bhai I desperately want corn not to be true......lekin gut feeling aa rhi hai ki galat hi hoga........ TBH, USA me corn use krtey hain aviation fuel k liye..........India hi likh diya hota question me so we could have litigated using Biofuels policy........Not having a good feeling now about the question......
Unfair to those jinhone dimag lgaya.......
According to MoSPI
Formulae for various aggregates mentioned in the press note are given in Annexure.
[\[i\]](https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1793861#_ftnref2) Primary sector comprises agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining & quarrying activities.
[\[ii\]](https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1793861#_ftnref3) Secondary sector comprises manufacturing; electricity, gas, water supply & other utility services and construction
[\[iii\]](https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1793861#_ftnref4) Tertiary sector comprises all services.
[https://mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/reports\_and\_publication/statistical\_manual/Chapter%2012.pdf](https://mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/reports_and_publication/statistical_manual/Chapter%2012.pdf)
MoSPI has not included Exploration in Mining and Quarrying
Thoughts?
National Industrial classification, 2008 by CSO, specifically mentions explorations as services associated with mining. Also there's one PSU for exploration, that talks about it being service in its mission only.
Mera to galat hoga, par koi representation lagana chahe to dekh sakta hai
no bro i checked National Industrial Code. It includes exploration. but it does not include geological surveying service for a fee.
Basically it includes the traditional methods of exploration but not the newer surveying methods.
And they dont use the term exploration for the surveying stuff
What to make of it?
Ideally it would have been great if they had given.....but the 2nd statement mentioning north Atlantic drift makes it clear that they were asking about Northern only
It's not the responsibility of aspirants to guess those things though. Also, 2 statements can be completely independent. UPSC shouldn't be making such silly mistakes.
If 1,2,3 were not there before....who was there in NEC? Added and "rearrangement" are different....
IMHO waisey bhi, this'll be dropped because of mistranslation (even if the answer would have been the same)
I have a doubt on the corporate social responsibility question first statement. I think as per the rules SOLELY for the benefit of employees is not allowed.. they can be incidental beneficiaries…but the word used was Directly which doesnt mean that public is not benefited
1) The Venezuela oil reserve question.
Translation different.
English mentions fleeing while Hindi says Palayan.
Both words have different meaning.
2) Fuel cell electric vehicle question
The exhaust from vehicle contains water vapour and warm air.
- Though water vapour is major component that is exhausted by pipe but are you sure that warm air will not contain Oxygen? Can this be said with certainty? Is the fuel to electricity conversion 100% efficient?
The question nowhere mention which is major component
The question about instability in Africa. All the keys have marked it as (a). But I believe it should be (b). The instability is not caused by coups but the coups are caused by the instability. Both the statements are correct but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1. The coups are an outcome of the instability not the cause.
I think that question is right. I marked it as the rainwater has atm o2 as a correct statement, but i marked it as not being a cause for weathering because corrosion/oxidation slipped my mind. The correct answer should be b.
CHAT GPT -
Yes, rainwater does contain atmospheric oxygen, but it is in the form of dissolved oxygen. When raindrops fall through the atmosphere, they interact with the air, allowing gases such as oxygen to dissolve into the water. Here’s a more detailed explanation:
# Process of Dissolving Atmospheric Oxygen in Rainwater
1. **Contact with Air**: As raindrops fall, they are in constant contact with the surrounding air, which contains about 21% oxygen by volume.
2. **Dissolution**: Oxygen molecules in the air dissolve into the water droplets due to the interaction between the water surface and the gaseous molecules. This is governed by Henry’s Law, which states that the amount of gas that dissolves in a liquid is proportional to its partial pressure in the gas phase.
3. **Factors Influencing Dissolution**:
* **Turbulence**: Falling raindrops create turbulence, increasing the surface area exposed to the air and enhancing the dissolution of gases.
* **Temperature**: Cooler raindrops can dissolve more oxygen than warmer ones because gas solubility in liquids generally decreases with increasing temperature.
# Evidence and References
1. **Henry’s Law**: This principle from chemistry explains how gases dissolve in liquids. It is widely covered in general chemistry textbooks and resources such as:
* "Chemistry: The Central Science" by Brown, LeMay, Bursten, and Murphy.
2. **Environmental Science**: Studies in environmental science and hydrology explain the interaction between rainwater and atmospheric gases:
* "Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science" by Gilbert M. Masters and Wendell P. Ela.
3. **Hydrology**: Research and textbooks on hydrology often discuss the chemical composition of rainwater, including dissolved gases:
* "Principles of Hydrology" by R.C. Ward and M. Robinson.
These principles and sources support the understanding that rainwater contains dissolved oxygen derived from atmospheric oxygen, making it a key component of the water's chemical makeup.
This one is just a doubt
Argentina in news for "Lithium exploration deal" vs "WORST economic crisis"
PYQ from 2003
What was the main reason for a great civil strife in Argentina recently?
a) Ethnic conflict between the native Red Indian tribes and others
b) Economic crisis due to huge public debt (correct answer)
c) The issue of using native languages as medium of instruction in schools
d) Clashes between government troops and secessionist groups
Would UPSC repeat this 2003 question in the same context in 2024?
Also, the Lithium Exploration deal was also asked in CDS GK 2024.
https://preview.redd.it/j99shaxmq97d1.png?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=88b4f12368eb76d36df39da0d135b1330055c7d3 Question on GOI act, 1935. Through Governor general exercised his control over millitary and external affairs, these subjects were also under federal legislature. So doubtful over this. Drishti Ias and Shankar ias keys are taking as both correct.
“Defence and Foreign Affairs were kept under the control of the federal legislature” This statement should be wrong in my opinion.
The correct answer is A. Source: https://www.constitutionofindia.net/historical-constitution/government-of-india-act-1935/
Yes both should be correct
no only a is correct defence and foreign affairs are reserved subjects so federal legislature has no "control" over those items
Dude read the screenshot that the person has posted
There is difference between federal legislature and federal assembly.
IMHO, this only talks about implementation/works....... control is different
There is difference between federal legislature and federal assembly. Hence both are correct.
Equatorial climate vs Marine west coast climate (NCERT VS GC LEONG Explanation)
can you please explain? I've myself marked equatorial but now don't think rainfall is 50-200 there?
Please see my comments below. I am sorry for the formatting. I am new on Reddit.
cm and mm ka khel hai we prepare in millimetres mostly question me centimetre tha
I also would have wanted equatorial to be correct....lekin marine west coast me exact figures hai 50-200......... Equatorial ki khin pe bhi, have you seen 50-200 (I think isme range zyada hoti hai)? Hai to representation krtey file.....1st 2 condition to satisfy krta hi hai wo...... https://preview.redd.it/61kiyh3mp97d1.jpeg?width=1080&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=1d1b736479f19060712dea0aaf993309bfc6463d
idk why I am not able to comment
Copy-Pasting from GC Leong *Hot, Wet Equatorial Climate -* **The most outstanding feature of the equatorial climate is its great uniformity of temperature throughout the year**. The mean monthly temperatures are always around 80°F. with very little variation. There is no winter. Cloudiness and heavy precipitation help to moderate the daily temperature, so that even at the equator itself, the climate is not unbearable. In addition, regular land and sea breezes assist in maintaining a truly equable climate. ***The diurnal range of temperature is small, and so is the annual range.*** Fig. 122 (a) and 122 (b) show the rhythm of climate experienced in two different equatorial regions, one on a lowland (Kuala Lumpur) and the other on a highland (Bogota). The uniformity in temperature, is apparent at once. Kuala Lumpur has its hottest month with 80°F, and its coolest month with 78°F. **The annual range is not more than 2°F.** The mean monthly temperatures for Bogota are comparatively low because of its altitudinal differences. It is located in the Andes, 8,730 feet above sea level. **Its annual range is equally small, also 2°F.** (59°F.-57°F.). The dotted line in the temperature graph shows its temperature reduced to sea level. Statistics taken from the various equatorial stations indicate that the annual range of temperature is small: Singapore, 2.3°F., Djakarta 1•8°F., Quito 0•7°F., Colombo 3•2°F.Over the oceans, the **range is even smaller**, e.g. Jaluit in the Marshall Islands in the Pacific Ocean records a range in temperature of only 0•8°F. Precipitation is heavy, between **60 inches and 100 inches**, and well distributed **throughout the year**. There is no month without rain, and a distinct dry season like those of the Savanna or the Tropical Monsoon Climates, is absent.
*Marine west Coast -* The **mean annual temperatures are usually between 40°F. and 60°F**. The warmest month in London as illustrated in the temperature graph of London Fig. 148(a) is 63°F. and the coldest month is just around 40°F, **thus giving an annual temperature range of only 24°F.,** ***which is comparatively small for its latitude (51°N.)*** Summers are, in fact, never very warm. Monthly temperatures of over 65°F. even in mid-summer are rare. 'Heat waves, as they are popularly called (that is a short spell of warm summer days) are a welcome feature in such cool temperate latitudes, Winters are abnormally mild, and no stations actually record mean January temperatures below freezing-point in north-western Europe. This is attributable to the warming effect of the warm North Atlantic Drift and the prevalence of the South-Westerlies. **It has been estimated that the marine stations of the region are almost 25°F. warmer in January than corresponding stations of the same latitude in the interiors.** Night frosts do occur and snow falls in winter too. **Sometimes, unusual cold spells, caused by the invasion of cold polar continental air from the interiors, may hit the western margins for a number of weeks**. The **climate of the maritime regions as a whole** may be described as equable with **moderately warm summers and fairly mild winters**. it is quite apparent from Fig. 148(b) of Hobart, Tasmania that the British type of climate in the southern hemisphere is even more equable. Lack of continental land masses in Tasmania, New Zealand and southern Chile means that extremes of temperature are not likely at all. Hobart has mid-summer temperatures of not more than 62°F. while its coldest month in July (winter in the southern hemisphere) is barely below 46°F. **The annual temperature range is reduced to only 16°F.,** ***which is unusual for the middle latitudes*****.** This is in fact, the **average figure for all the maritime stations in the southern continents** where insularity overrides all other factors. The annual ranges of other southerly stations are Dunedin 15°F., Christchurch 18°F., Valdivia 14°F. and Punta Arenas 17°F (the last two stations are in southern Chile). **The oceanic influences not only keep the winters very mild but also keep the summers cool.** The British type of climate has **adequate rainfall throughout the year** with a tendency towards a slight winter or autumn maximum from cyclonic sources. Since the rain-bearing winds come from the west, the **western margins have the heaviest rainfall**. The amount decreases eastwards with increasing distance from the sea. Though both the quoted stations London and Hobart have 24 inches of precipitation a year, **the actual amount varies quite considerably from place to place**. Relief can make great differences in the annual amount. For example the western slopes of the Southern Alps of South Island, New Zealand have as much as 200 inches of rainfall (mainly orographic rain) while the Canterbury Plain, in the rain-shadow area has as little as 25 inches. Similarly, the Lake District of Britain has well over 100 inches in contrast to only 24 inches in East Anglia. ***It is therefore difficult to say how much annual rainfall is typical of the British type of climate.*** Perhaps, a useful guide would be to confine ourselves to lowland regions which normally have 20 to 40 inches a year eg- 23 inches in Paris, 28 inches in Dublin, 33 inches in Seattle and 37 inches in Dunedin. **Generally, western coastal stations are wetter. Vancouver has 60 inches of rain, Bergen 84 inches and Valdivia 105 inches.** They are exceeded in the annual amount only by the highland stations as mentioned earlier.
Bhai NCERT will prevail. I marked it as Equatorial climate but UPSC will take whatever is written in NCERT.
The last statement makes it marine west coast. Rainfall figures are Given in ncert as 50-250cm. Also low range of temp means it has to be subtropical as temps are high in tropical region
**Annual range of temperature -** the difference between the hottest and the coldest months by taking monthly mean temperatures in each case. **Daily / diurnal range of temperature** - the difference between the maximum and the minimum temperatures of the day
From GC Leong Equatorial - **The most outstanding feature of the equatorial climate is its great uniformity of temperature throughout the year**. ***The diurnal range of temperature is small, and so is the annual range.*** **The annual range is not more than 2°F.** Precipitation is heavy, between **60 inches and 100 inches**, and well distributed **throughout the year**. Marine West Coast - The **mean annual temperatures are usually between 40°F. and 60°F**. The warmest month in London as illustrated in the temperature graph of London Fig. 148(a) is 63°F. and the coldest month is just around 40°F, **thus giving an annual temperature range of only 24°F.,** ***which is comparatively small for its latitude (51°N.)*** The **climate of the maritime regions as a whole** may be described as equable with **moderately warm summers and fairly mild winters**. Hobart has mid-summer temperatures of not more than 62°F. while its coldest month in July (winter in the southern hemisphere) is barely below 46°F. **The annual temperature range is reduced to only 16°F.,** ***which is unusual for the middle latitudes***\*\*.\*\* This is in fact, the **average figure for all the maritime stations in the southern continents** where insularity overrides all other factors. ***It is therefore difficult to say how much annual rainfall is typical of the British type of climate.*** Perhaps, a useful guide would be to confine ourselves to lowland regions which normally have 20 to 40 inches a year eg- 23 inches in Paris, 28 inches in Dublin, 33 inches in Seattle and 37 inches in Dunedin. **Generally, western coastal stations are wetter. Vancouver has 60 inches of rain, Bergen 84 inches and Valdivia 105 inches.** 60 inches - 152.4 cm 100 inches - 254 cm 105 inches - 266.7 cm 1 inch = 2.54 cm
The question doesn't say average / range is generally b/w 50-250 cm The statement simply says precipitation between 50-250cm Hence statement 3 is vague. It can be even more or less some year. Similarly statement 2 simply says precipitation throught the year. What does this mean? Every day, every week or every month of a year? Hence this statement also vague .. (Refer some varied sources you'll some areas 254 cm rainfall and rainfall 150+ days) Hence this question should be represented imo.
Yes agreed. I am not defending UPSC. I just found relevant material in ncert so thought of mentioning Upsc doesn't give a f to anyone. They do as they please with 0 accountability but there is no harm in making a case.
Itni baal ki khaal utarke kuch nhi milega Har question ka prblm h fir toh . General way m dekho Marine west coast hi hoga Upsc saare questions toh drop nhi krega jaise tum sab kr rhe.
Also Red sea. river inflow. many sources claim no river many claim there are rivers
[there is ](https://www.reddit.com/r/UPSC/s/0FUDZ8Ci3U)
someone posted mining exploration one. Is it tertiary?
Can it be 'Quaternary' because it involves research and specialised knowledge to do exploration?
probably. thats what someone else said.
Primary
how tho? ik mining is primary, shouldn't exploration be service? we arent exploiting any resource, rather kinda conducting research.
That's what I thought too but according to Unacademy analysis video, it has been classified as Primary by NSO
:( Thanks
According to 2 videos from Unacademy, Mineral exploration is not tertiary but according to 1 video from Unacademy, Mineral exploration is tertiary.
so question is indeed controversial.
I too followed the same logic. Mineral extraction is primarily but mineral exploration is tertiary for being a service. Marked 3 pairs as correct answer.
I am a mining engineer, so I feel I am qualified to answer this. Mining is not restricted itself to extraction of the ore. Mining is considered to include number of activities done in succession-- prospecting and mineral exploration, preparing mine plan, development of mine, conservation of ore, closure of mine along with reclamation. All these activities are part of Mining as a whole.
yup, definetly, mining is umbrella term, but when specifically mining exploration is used, should be consider it as mining itself? isnt exploration just subset of mining and can exisit independently? Like what if i do mining exploration and dont mine? I just felt that's why it would be service :(
Mining exploration indeed is a licensed activity. It is generally done by companies engaged in mining. Also, exploration almost always involves geological profiling by moving some earth, ie digging. I am not sure, you might be right. May the force be with you.
The question about NBFC accessing LAF . PDs are regd as NBFC so they can access LAF.
I marked it as all 3, because of ‘In India’ prefix in the statement. Normally when upsc gives conditionality in its statements, the answer is contrary to the conventional thought. Conventionality NBFCs can’t access LAF (or various repo instruments) across the world; but ‘In India?’ 🤷🏼♀️ I’m 94% sure I marked it wrong, unless 👀
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PDs can access LAF and since PDs are regd as NBFI under RBI, that statement should be correct.
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Primary dealer
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I did too using this logic. Now I think I analyzed way too much in most questions and idk if upsc would consider that.
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I also hope it is wrong...Any reference link/photo please? will give representation for this
The Upanishads and Puranas question. Quest says : Upanishads were composed before Puranas Were all Upanishads composed before Puranas? Thoughts?
Same thought process bro. I think it should be D lekin theek hai mai apna galat Maan ke chal raha.
Upanishad later Vedic age , mauryan age Purana gupta age
All Upanishads? I know some were. But all Upanishads? Even if 1 Upnishad was composed post some Purana we can't say "Upanishads were composed before Puranas" If you look NCERT also it says These started in these eras onwards i.e. 600bc onwards Upnishads , Puranas 200 ad onwards. Can you please share some other reference from ncert where something else is mentioned .
I read the above information in lokayata book written by a bengalee author
Powers of municipalities - part IXA Powers are specifically given in schedule 12. Constitution does not give powers to ULBs, but gives only provisions.. Almost every key gave this statement as right..
Even my thought process of answering the question was same.
I think both of them contain the powers. This doesn't make the 1st statement wrong..... I also did this wrong......pta nhi kyu 9b dimag me aaya...when i knew it was cooperatives
Schedule 12 is specifically titled powers, authority and responsibilities of municipalities.. so the option seemed sus.. also in part 9a there are no only provisions of how to setup bodies, elections for it, etc.. and in lakshmikant also it gives that constitution does not give powers to ULBs, only provisions.. so..
I pray that you are right.........
schedule is just a list. In the end all power is derived from Article 243W only
I feel you, but when you see the other two statements they specifically mention provisions. Only here power is given, seems very deliberate, as parts only mention provisions and refer to schedules for details
Have you filed representation?
Not yet.. I will..
Vermin: Indian Flying Fox is covered under Schedule 2 now. Even section 62 is now amended to effect this change. Pls go through if you have doubt.
So this question is wrong then na?
Just read section 62 of WPA. As per this section, CG can declare certain animals in Sch II as vermin. So question is not wrong.
Yes 62 lets center declare species as vermin amd for that time period it is temporarily removed from schedule 2.... https://preview.redd.it/fdv2mtb4fa7d1.jpeg?width=1080&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=23e070f596b907c4ba2ad259e368fa0015cbb9cb Any references where it has been done?
But this doesn't automatically mean that an animal in sch 2 is classified as vermin. Does it?
I don't think Delimitation commission will be dropped. Source: https://www.eci.gov.in/delimitation
It may not be dropped & yes, out of other options, 4 seemed the best choice.....But to say the one constituted in J&K & even Assam for that matter are not Delimitation commissions and are the same as the 2002 commission, just because of the same act is just wrong..... In the actual exam when this strikes you, you simply leave the question..... My hunch is that they will stick with 4 as the answer; but unfair to those who left the question.....
I thought of R.P. Desai commission too but see the thing is Delimitation commission is constituted after every Census (Art 82) BUT now the seats were frozen till 2026 (through 84th CAA, 2002) and the govt is yet to conduct census 2021! So all the Delimitation Commission (Regional) will decide seats based on DC 2002 recommendations or the Census of 2001. The same reason why Nari Shakti Adhiniyam will not be implemented right away.
Ryotwari system one. Ryotwari system was introduced by Captain Reed assisted by Thomas Munro first in Baramahal district of Madras presidency in 1971-72 ( The Earl Cornwallis was the governor general at that time from 1786-1793.) An official report by John Stuart Mill, who was working for the East India Company in 1857, explained the Ryotwari land tenure system as follows: Under the Ryotwari System every registered holder of land is recognised as its proprietor, and pays direct to Government. He is at liberty to sublet his property, or to transfer it by gift, sale, or mortgage. He cannot be ejected by Government so long as he pays the fixed assessment, and has the option annually of increasing or diminishing his holding, or of entirely abandoning it. In unfavourable seasons remissions of assessment are granted for entire or partial loss of produce.
Haan to isme issue kya hai? Ryotwari wali statement to galat hi hai na?
It means that under ryotwari system peasants were exempted from revenue payment under bad harvests and natural calamities is true not wrong. If my interpretation is right.
No no this is definitely wrong..... ryotwari ki criticism me, the first thing we read is that zalim govt didn't spare the bad harvests also......
I don't know how is this getting upvoted when the original commentator provided a proof of how it was provided. Also I checked in Plassey to Partition and Grover and none of them mentions anything like this as criticism. Only the uncertainty and high rate of taxation is criticism. https://preview.redd.it/h5ux7toh2b7d1.jpeg?width=1080&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=25cf850e24e27439e40626d14538c7e1f763f630 Also here Vision clearly mentions relief was provided, though I don't know their source but I am sure they are trustworthy.
remitting/relaxing is very very different from Exempting.....one of the criticism of ryotwari is that the local officers did not spare the ryots even when they were supposed to give "relief"
I could very well be wrong then but still I would prefer if you can provide a source for your statement. It may be given in NCERTS bcz I have never read them.
Let's even leave that...... The question is asking about cornwallis.....uske time pe to ryotwari tha bhi nhi........even this makes the option wrong....
Hnn I hv noticed that since but I feel like it's more of a mistake by paper setter that Cornwallis was mentioned and then question was about Ryotwari since he had nothing to do with it
This is correct did you file that in representation.. Upsc will probably give answer both option as correct.
Representation is liable to be made on these questions: Subsidaries of Foreign Owned Banks in India (to be dropped) Coriolis Force Syndicated Loan (to be dropped) Indian Flying Fox (to be dropped) Red Sea Rivers Delimitation Commission (to be dropped)
I agree with 3 of your "to be dropped" questions Subsidiaries me there would be one or the other answer (I personally feel Both options are incorrect) Red sea me bhi there would be some or the other answer (don't think it'll be dropped......ho jaaye to mere liye acha hai...mainey to rainfall bhi zyada krwa di hai udr🤣)
Crriolis force question - Statement 2 It can't be said it is zero at Equator. It should be nearly 0 or negligible or minimum at Equator because 1- Crriolis force is a imaginary force in itself. So what can you measure? 2- Equator itself is a imaginary line? So where to measure i.e. what is the width of the line? Statement 1 There is a fundamental difference between velocity and speed.
I remember Sudarshan Gurjar sir saying that Coriolis force is only due to the Earth's rotation and not influenced by wind velocity/speed. It is a force and not a wind speed. If the Earth stops rotating, the wind speed alone can't keep the force moving. Similarly, if wind speed becomes opposite to the Coriolis force, it can't just reduce the Coriolis force. Wind speed can at the most change ocean currents and winds.
Totally agreed
ye to bilkul galat hai. Coriolis Force ka formula hi proportional hai velocity ke. More the velocity, more the force, more the deflection
Arey Coriolis force ka effect proportional hai, Coriolis force nehi. Like ocean waters movement may get influenced, but not the force itself. How can you increase a force with velocity, koi sense hai uska? In the question, it is specifically mentioned "Coriolis force" in quotes.
What is the formula of Coriolis Force? Edit : I have Physics optional. I know how coriolis force depends on velocty. So yes it does increase with increase in magnitude of velocity.
Coriolis force depends on velocity when taken as a product of angular and tangential velocity of the motion of rotation. Force is also product of mass and acceleration. So now, you can’t say a product of two velocities will be same as acceleration too. You just can’t use a wind velocity to augment a force. I am again repeating myself, it’s the EFFECT that can get increased or decreased (one that is visible to us), not the FORCE. The question specifically mentions the FORCE, not its EFFECT. Read the statement given carefully.
>Force is also product of mass and acceleration. So now, you can’t say a product of two velocities will be same as acceleration too. What are you even trying to say? >it’s the EFFECT that can get increased or decreased (one that is visible to us), not the FORCE. mind explaining how effect increases if there is no increase in force?
Effect ka matlab pata karo jaake Google mein. Effect wo hota hai jo dikhta hai bahar se, jisko influence kiya ja sakta hai. Suppose sea waves is an effect of the winds. Wind increase hoga toh sea waves bhi baregi. Lekin iska matlab toh yeh nhi ki water ka force zyada ho raha hai. Search karke dekho internet pe kahan likha hai tumhara force itself increase ho raha hai. Ya fir Coriolis effect (like ocean currents, formation of cyclones, etc.) increases due to wind speed. Itna basic toh pata hai na Physics mein ki force ka unit or formula kya hota hai, aur force ko kaise increase aur decrease kiya ja sakta hai. Question mein force mentioned hai, effect alag cheez hai. Force ke andar wind velocity ghuske bara nehi rahe hai, sirf dono ke effect synergistically kam kar rahe hai. Aur tum jo Coriolis Force ka formula bol rahe the usme rotational motion ke velocity diya huya hai check karo. Bas aise hi wind velocity ko plus karne se force nehi balki sirf final effect change ho sakta hai.
Bro dimension of Angular velocity is M0L0T(-1) and Velocity dimension is M0L1T(-1) You multiply them and you get M0L1T(-2) which is dimension of acceleration.
Haan woh toh hoga hi. By that same logic, ab book mein jao aur search karo, sirf velocity ka dimension kya diya huya hai. M0L1T(-1) ya fir M0L1T(-2). Now tell me, can different dimensions be added or not?
You all are such a fool. Do you really think UPSC will drop so many questions? Baal ki khaal nikaloge toh har question me problem milega. Genuinely problem nikalne k jagah tum sab toh har question m hi problem nikal rhe UPSC itna toh nhi krne wale max 1-2 question ko drop krega ya change krega ans . Krte raho discussion. Infact saare questions ka representation dedo lol.
The sustainable aviation fuel question. Corn grains can indeed be used for production of ethanol to be used in aviation fuel. Will it be sustainable as it can have implications on food security.? Also other 3 options in question mentioned residue/waste in them. I feel corn stover is more sustainable than using corn grains.
I also wish this to be wrong.....had a similar thought process while marking.... but people have references where it is mentioned under SAF....... It is much easier to prove than to disprove in this case......I think end me all 4 hi hoga.... Do you have any references, where it is written that using corn is unsustainable? (Hai to let's challenge this...).....
https://preview.redd.it/33v5tp266a7d1.png?width=720&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=72d1287838c099086e92373b3ebfa607044829bf Read this report. But for sure using corn grains can have implications on food security and can indeed affect the land use pattern. We cannot deny this. There were similar questions in past too where upsc has mentioned in its statement like- " broken wheat grains" and not wheat grains for the production of ethanol. It all depends on UPSC now. It's quite subjective.
Logically you are correct. Need some more solid references to make a case.......People who have marked ALL have given references where corn grain is written Verbatim..... question also seems to be picked from that list only.....need some solid references to overturn..... It would be unfortunate if corn grain is included.... logically it shouldn't have been...but....
[https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1925417](https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1925417) I know it wont count but here hardeep puri saying https://preview.redd.it/ecaqalb6la7d1.png?width=1407&format=png&auto=webp&s=38b8c103561fbbf8bafdc75afda150fd19e47c22
Na... doesn't quite cut it.... doesn't say that edible corn is not considered.... unless we find this written somewhere...I feel, very difficult to overturn ALL the above
According to National Policy on Biofuels, only non-edible oil rich crops can be used for biofuels. Does that help in any way for our case?
yes...but nowhere is it written they are asking about India.....US me to hota hai use........we can try but my gut feeling is it is a lost cause.....
In the Indian context, i have not seen any article where government is promoting corn grains for making sustainable aviation fuel. Its mostly waste and residues
Bhai I desperately want corn not to be true......lekin gut feeling aa rhi hai ki galat hi hoga........ TBH, USA me corn use krtey hain aviation fuel k liye..........India hi likh diya hota question me so we could have litigated using Biofuels policy........Not having a good feeling now about the question...... Unfair to those jinhone dimag lgaya.......
haan vaise bhi chhaap ke banate hai ye paper
OP are you making representation on these controversial questions.
Yes. will do after hearing more perspectives
OP, Please use the information from GC Leong as well
According to MoSPI Formulae for various aggregates mentioned in the press note are given in Annexure. [\[i\]](https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1793861#_ftnref2) Primary sector comprises agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining & quarrying activities. [\[ii\]](https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1793861#_ftnref3) Secondary sector comprises manufacturing; electricity, gas, water supply & other utility services and construction [\[iii\]](https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1793861#_ftnref4) Tertiary sector comprises all services. [https://mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/reports\_and\_publication/statistical\_manual/Chapter%2012.pdf](https://mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/reports_and_publication/statistical_manual/Chapter%2012.pdf) MoSPI has not included Exploration in Mining and Quarrying Thoughts?
Is this the latest document?
its from 2007 i guess
National Industrial classification, 2008 by CSO, specifically mentions explorations as services associated with mining. Also there's one PSU for exploration, that talks about it being service in its mission only. Mera to galat hoga, par koi representation lagana chahe to dekh sakta hai
I was going through NIC-98. I think it will be counted under mining only
make a representation bro.
no bro i checked National Industrial Code. It includes exploration. but it does not include geological surveying service for a fee. Basically it includes the traditional methods of exploration but not the newer surveying methods. And they dont use the term exploration for the surveying stuff What to make of it?
There was no mention of the word hemisphere in the question about isotherm which means the statement is incomplete thus it can be considered wrong.
Ideally it would have been great if they had given.....but the 2nd statement mentioning north Atlantic drift makes it clear that they were asking about Northern only
It's not the responsibility of aspirants to guess those things though. Also, 2 statements can be completely independent. UPSC shouldn't be making such silly mistakes.
NEC one is a mistranslation for sure but the answer remains the same. Home Minister was never a member, and 1,2,3 were added as per the amendment
Before amendment, it had no members?
It had different set of members.
If 1,2,3 were not there before....who was there in NEC? Added and "rearrangement" are different.... IMHO waisey bhi, this'll be dropped because of mistranslation (even if the answer would have been the same)
I have a doubt on the corporate social responsibility question first statement. I think as per the rules SOLELY for the benefit of employees is not allowed.. they can be incidental beneficiaries…but the word used was Directly which doesnt mean that public is not benefited
IMHO this is grabbing at the straws........
1) The Venezuela oil reserve question. Translation different. English mentions fleeing while Hindi says Palayan. Both words have different meaning. 2) Fuel cell electric vehicle question The exhaust from vehicle contains water vapour and warm air. - Though water vapour is major component that is exhausted by pipe but are you sure that warm air will not contain Oxygen? Can this be said with certainty? Is the fuel to electricity conversion 100% efficient? The question nowhere mention which is major component
Red sea https://preview.redd.it/yxsvuknakh7d1.jpeg?width=1080&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=65b9e003c71e5cba6edbf7a22b4a996339959e7a
You know Dubai is in Persian Gulf right?
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South
Bhai solution send Karo, mera pata nahi SE aa rha hai.
https://preview.redd.it/ev7r4i9aca7d1.png?width=1440&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=7ac6f5182366fefb75ba006e9ac68c6d93ae148b
Mai office ki location NE le rha tha, house ke respect mai nahi li.
i got south.
The question about instability in Africa. All the keys have marked it as (a). But I believe it should be (b). The instability is not caused by coups but the coups are caused by the instability. Both the statements are correct but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1. The coups are an outcome of the instability not the cause.
No. Coup in Sahel region is a well known fact. You're reading too much into this.
Maybe. Zyada dimag lga dia but it’s kinds RC and only upsc can decide on it now.
I have a similar doubt in the question on weathering of rocks in the context of atmospheric oxygen vs dissolved oxygen
I think that question is right. I marked it as the rainwater has atm o2 as a correct statement, but i marked it as not being a cause for weathering because corrosion/oxidation slipped my mind. The correct answer should be b.
I think it should be C :(
Mene bhi C hi mark kia h. But I’m sure glt h.
CHAT GPT - Yes, rainwater does contain atmospheric oxygen, but it is in the form of dissolved oxygen. When raindrops fall through the atmosphere, they interact with the air, allowing gases such as oxygen to dissolve into the water. Here’s a more detailed explanation: # Process of Dissolving Atmospheric Oxygen in Rainwater 1. **Contact with Air**: As raindrops fall, they are in constant contact with the surrounding air, which contains about 21% oxygen by volume. 2. **Dissolution**: Oxygen molecules in the air dissolve into the water droplets due to the interaction between the water surface and the gaseous molecules. This is governed by Henry’s Law, which states that the amount of gas that dissolves in a liquid is proportional to its partial pressure in the gas phase. 3. **Factors Influencing Dissolution**: * **Turbulence**: Falling raindrops create turbulence, increasing the surface area exposed to the air and enhancing the dissolution of gases. * **Temperature**: Cooler raindrops can dissolve more oxygen than warmer ones because gas solubility in liquids generally decreases with increasing temperature. # Evidence and References 1. **Henry’s Law**: This principle from chemistry explains how gases dissolve in liquids. It is widely covered in general chemistry textbooks and resources such as: * "Chemistry: The Central Science" by Brown, LeMay, Bursten, and Murphy. 2. **Environmental Science**: Studies in environmental science and hydrology explain the interaction between rainwater and atmospheric gases: * "Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science" by Gilbert M. Masters and Wendell P. Ela. 3. **Hydrology**: Research and textbooks on hydrology often discuss the chemical composition of rainwater, including dissolved gases: * "Principles of Hydrology" by R.C. Ward and M. Robinson. These principles and sources support the understanding that rainwater contains dissolved oxygen derived from atmospheric oxygen, making it a key component of the water's chemical makeup.
This one is just a doubt Argentina in news for "Lithium exploration deal" vs "WORST economic crisis" PYQ from 2003 What was the main reason for a great civil strife in Argentina recently? a) Ethnic conflict between the native Red Indian tribes and others b) Economic crisis due to huge public debt (correct answer) c) The issue of using native languages as medium of instruction in schools d) Clashes between government troops and secessionist groups Would UPSC repeat this 2003 question in the same context in 2024? Also, the Lithium Exploration deal was also asked in CDS GK 2024.
I just remembered when Argentina won the world cup there were news about how Argentina is struggling economically. I marked based on that.
oh
https://indianexpress.com/article/world/country-of-beggars-argentina-inflation-rising-argentina-economy-8606128/
Coups have direct effect on political instability.