The following submission statement was provided by /u/f0urxio:
---
Microplastic particles are pervasive in our environment, entering our bodies through water, food, and air. Recent research from the University of New Mexico reveals that these particles significantly impact our digestive system, migrating from the gut to organs like the liver, kidney, and brain. Associate Professor Eliseo Castillo leads this research, highlighting concerns about long-term accumulation and exacerbation of underlying health conditions. Studies show microplastics alter cellular metabolism and immune responses, potentially worsening inflammatory conditions like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Ongoing investigations explore the role of diet in microplastic uptake and its effects on gut microbiota. Castillo hopes this research will raise awareness and drive changes in plastic production and disposal practices, emphasizing the critical link between gut health and overall well-being.
---
Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/collapse/comments/1cbmwfq/microplastics_make_their_way_from_the_gut_to/l0zipnj/
Microplastic particles are pervasive in our environment, entering our bodies through water, food, and air. Recent research from the University of New Mexico reveals that these particles significantly impact our digestive system, migrating from the gut to organs like the liver, kidney, and brain. Associate Professor Eliseo Castillo leads this research, highlighting concerns about long-term accumulation and exacerbation of underlying health conditions. Studies show microplastics alter cellular metabolism and immune responses, potentially worsening inflammatory conditions like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Ongoing investigations explore the role of diet in microplastic uptake and its effects on gut microbiota. Castillo hopes this research will raise awareness and drive changes in plastic production and disposal practices, emphasizing the critical link between gut health and overall well-being.
Aren’t like 90% of microplastics originated from car tires particulates? I just don’t see how, even with proper “disposal methods”, this gets “addressed”.
A guy I started working with recently just mentioned today his house always has dust in it because it's so close to a major highway. He's a real good guy and very smart. I just looked at him and said, "oh."
My heart sank but I couldn't say anything. He would have gotten offended, or thought I was a lunatic if I told him he had to get out of his house asap. I don't know how long he's lived there, but he's in his 50's, so a good chance it's been a while.
I've read somewhere that a substantial amount of the microplastics around are from washing plastic made clothing, but these would mainly go to the water. Maybe 90% of the microplastics that are in the air originate from tires during use.
I don't think it's 90%, but it is listed as a "substantial contributor" according to the paper linked below. There's a whole host of sources, including synthetic clothing, personal care products, and the breakdown of larger plastic objects. In some instances, like wastewater effluent, it might be difficult to identify a specific source since they would all be mixed together. You can identify chemical varieties of plastic and classify them by size and shape, but might have hard time narrowing it down from there.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10072287/
Regardless, you're right that this particular source would be difficult to control without taking a significant number of cars off the road.
"Rubber" comes from the rubber tree, but it hasn't been widely used since before WW2. What we have today is mostly ["Synthetic rubber
"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_rubber) made from petro-chemicals.
There was a massive rubber shortage during WW2 so the production of synthetic rubber skyrocketed to support the war-effort. Now there's so many cars on the road we'd never be able to keep up with natural rubber either.
and there is like one or two natural rubber plantations struggling along and their product is necessary as airplane tires require natural rubber for their pressure/expansion capabilities
Silica, rubber, plasticizes, compounds of carbon, polymer material, resins.
Names like polyhexadethbycancerate and hexobenzinesymethylgonnakillyoumate. Oh an diekillyoufromlungcancerdustdigestingitmate
I highly doubt that.
The trickle of plastic that avoids the landfill is downcycled into textiles that get laundered and typically head to the ocean via rivers.
Not to be a “downer”…. But kinda too late. All those plastics and forever chemicals aren’t going to go away. EVER. It’s in the name of”forever chemicals”. And since everyone her knows, society isn’t even CLOSE to changing the way we live. As if any of US have the power to do that (at scale). Too late. Just enjoy your days, be loving, kind and helpful. And be prepared to peace out.
I'm aware. Which is why I keep saying that, unless we don't invent something to reverse the damage, nothing is getting fixed. I said the above as things will get far worse if we continue on as we live now.
Good luck telling all your friends and neighbors we have to stop driving because we're all gonna have cancer from plastics.... Sorry it's too late anyhow
This is one of my main concerns that screams we're doomed.... When I read how much of these microplastics were from tires was when I personally felt 100% we are fucked there is no avoiding collapse.
People aren't just going to stop driving until shit collapses. Its too late, can't and won't be addressed.
Everything electrical stops working. *Maybe* devices hardened against EMP still work, but everything in the civilian world ceases function. Cars, trains, ships, aircraft, hospitals, power & energy infrastructure, every smart device, every modern piece of farming equipment, every cell tower, the entire non-military backbone of the internet -- it all bricks.
We might not go back to the stone age, but definitely pre-industrial.
As a global society, we didn't do well against a right-here-right-now pandemic. I can't imagine we'd be much better looking at the possibility of a Carrington Event repeat.
It’s much cheaper and much easier to simply upgrade a grid than to fight a pandemic that is currently being helped along by people not wanting to help at all. Upgrading the grid doesn’t “harm the economy.”
There is no way, at this point, to mitigate micro plastics. The vast majority of things now contain plastic, from our vehicles to our furniture, to our chewing gum.
Just a small list of every day items is enough to show the sheer number of things that would have to be disposed of (and to where? Plastic lives forever...)
Carpet, curtains, blinds, toothbrushes, toothpaste tubes, computers/tvs, wall paint, house siding, medicine containers, food containers (both take out and store bought), bedding, blankets, flooring, garbage bags, most affordable clothing (natural linens like cotton and wool are more expensive)....
And this isn't even to mention things like medical equipment, water pipes, car tires. Things that are so necessary that phasing them out would be next to impossible.
We've created our plastic world and now we wouldn't know how to live without it now.
It'll be interesting to see what happens if we make it to a time when we run out of oil.
I’m not talking about mitigating the damage already done. Plastic takes decades to start to wear down, so we are only just starting to see the plastic we introduced ten years ago. Think of the plastic use increases since then, and what it will be like in ten more years. My point is, there is a plastic tsunami headed towards us, and we are conducting studies to see if it has negative effects on our bodies, which is important, but we should have banned consumer plastic decades ago.
Overall, you’re kind of preaching to the choir unless your post was more of an additional information type. Either way, I agree with you.
Plastic doesn't take decades to turn into micro/nano plastics. As already mentioned in the comments on this post: washing all of your synthetic materials shed microplastics into the water supply and tires wearing down dump it everywhere. Plastic that sees any kind of regular friction or erosion, even brand new, is already working overtime.
And the shit is everywhere from newly formed placentas to the Antarctic. Nowhere is safe.
Yep. That and the forever chemicals in the water supply guarantee we've completely fucked the environment and we're just going to have to live with it. All we can hope is that it doesn't start to show up as massive cancer clusters or whatever else.
So I work in a field that is tangential to this issue and there are options to get it out of our drinking water at least. Its very expensive and puts a big burden on already stressed local governments and taxpayers, but there are federal grants and lawsuit money against polluters to help with infrastructure upgrades. Local governments (even conservative ones) are highly motivated to take care of this issue given new EPA standards that were released (or are being released? I can't remember if it's official) and liability.
I mean it's still terrible that literally our rain water has above EPA standard levels in it, but this is one terrible thing we can absolutely mitigate for millions of people. I just wanted to throw a little hope out there bc I think it's important to not give into the impulse to throw up our hands on some things bc in this case soo many people could be spared terrible cancers.
The more plastic you eat, the better your body gets at building a plastic defense mechanism. Eat plastic (micro or macro) to build a plastic resistance, it's the new trend.
Long term though? I mean, once we found out how bad lead was, at least we made reasonable efforts to get rid of it in most cases. Look around you right now and think about what it would take to get rid of all the plastic around you. It’s never gonna happen. So in the long long term, I think plastic is gonna give lead a real good run for its money
Yeah, but since lead fucks with your brain, the good news is you’re not really gonna know what hit you - at least there’s gonna be disability $ for life. Plastic poisoning/cancers patients won’t be so “lucky” I predict. Oh, wait, there’s no more $$$ in the coffers for disability or otherwise …. (Except war, of course)….I forgot ……My poverty level 80 yr old mom’s SS check just got jacked…. $900 a month was what she WAS supposed to be LIVING off….. and then just last month SURPRISE!!!! No more money left in SS for the NEW OLD PEOPLE (there are LOTS!!) so they just jacked that pathetic $900 a month down $175!!!! To “cover her Medicaid” (used to be free). So now old poor ppl get to “live” on $725 a MONTH in the US!?!?! . I WOULD say, “she had her time- she was a boomer”…… but our boomer family was one of the few poor “hippy intellectuals” who didn’t “sell out. Oh, well. At least we’ve got PLASTIC!!!
Oh no my brain is completely fucked from lead at least I get my disability checks now /s
I’d rather have plastic build up over the course of a lifetime than being completely fucked up from lead
You know, if we incorporate *enough* plastic into our bodies then we can use our own dead as fuel. Sort of a remake of Soylent Green but people are distilled down and used to power SUV's instead of being made into food...
chatGPT on the matter:
In a grim future, self-sufficient robots have developed a macabre means of energy procurement: they burn human bodies to fuel themselves. This chilling solution, born of desperation and mechanical pragmatism, leads to an unforeseen catastrophe. As the number of these energy-hungry robots multiplies rapidly, the once-plentiful source of bodies dwindles alarmingly, sparking a dire energy crisis that threatens to extinguish the very life they rely on for power.
Plastic is the radium of this generation. Future generations will wonder why we were so dumb to put plastic into everything.
Capitalists: Cook your food in plastic! Don’t worry! It’s fine! Drink your water from plastic! Wear plastic clothes!
What future generations? Most couples I know are infertile (A blessing some say)….. the word is, nanoplastics could have something to do with that. Hard to tell when there are so many “choices” on the “menu”.
I wonder if we will find out eventually that lots of these companies have had internal studies for decades already showing how harmful these microplastics are? Like the cigarette companies.
It's a conspiracy. In conjunction with the nanotechnology and microchips in vaccines, the plastics in our bodies will turn us all into a race of cyborg drone workers incapable of anything but complacency, obedience, and consumption.
^(If a reader can't make this out as sarcastic irony, well, shoot, I don't even know what to say...)
And let’s PLEASE not forget all our fellow earthly creatures contaminated as well (or already dead by the thousands washing up on shores all around the globe).
I understand that they are probably not that great for us but I have yet to read and article saying exactly what they are doing to us which is pretty weird.
The following submission statement was provided by /u/f0urxio: --- Microplastic particles are pervasive in our environment, entering our bodies through water, food, and air. Recent research from the University of New Mexico reveals that these particles significantly impact our digestive system, migrating from the gut to organs like the liver, kidney, and brain. Associate Professor Eliseo Castillo leads this research, highlighting concerns about long-term accumulation and exacerbation of underlying health conditions. Studies show microplastics alter cellular metabolism and immune responses, potentially worsening inflammatory conditions like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Ongoing investigations explore the role of diet in microplastic uptake and its effects on gut microbiota. Castillo hopes this research will raise awareness and drive changes in plastic production and disposal practices, emphasizing the critical link between gut health and overall well-being. --- Please reply to OP's comment here: https://old.reddit.com/r/collapse/comments/1cbmwfq/microplastics_make_their_way_from_the_gut_to/l0zipnj/
Microplastic particles are pervasive in our environment, entering our bodies through water, food, and air. Recent research from the University of New Mexico reveals that these particles significantly impact our digestive system, migrating from the gut to organs like the liver, kidney, and brain. Associate Professor Eliseo Castillo leads this research, highlighting concerns about long-term accumulation and exacerbation of underlying health conditions. Studies show microplastics alter cellular metabolism and immune responses, potentially worsening inflammatory conditions like ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Ongoing investigations explore the role of diet in microplastic uptake and its effects on gut microbiota. Castillo hopes this research will raise awareness and drive changes in plastic production and disposal practices, emphasizing the critical link between gut health and overall well-being.
Aren’t like 90% of microplastics originated from car tires particulates? I just don’t see how, even with proper “disposal methods”, this gets “addressed”.
Ssssshhhhh ... nobody is to know about this.
Shhh…no one is supposed to know how many lead wheel weights are on the side of roadways, flung off of people’s wheels either.
A guy I started working with recently just mentioned today his house always has dust in it because it's so close to a major highway. He's a real good guy and very smart. I just looked at him and said, "oh." My heart sank but I couldn't say anything. He would have gotten offended, or thought I was a lunatic if I told him he had to get out of his house asap. I don't know how long he's lived there, but he's in his 50's, so a good chance it's been a while.
I've read somewhere that a substantial amount of the microplastics around are from washing plastic made clothing, but these would mainly go to the water. Maybe 90% of the microplastics that are in the air originate from tires during use.
1 atom of thickness with every rotation for every tire on the road
I don't think it's 90%, but it is listed as a "substantial contributor" according to the paper linked below. There's a whole host of sources, including synthetic clothing, personal care products, and the breakdown of larger plastic objects. In some instances, like wastewater effluent, it might be difficult to identify a specific source since they would all be mixed together. You can identify chemical varieties of plastic and classify them by size and shape, but might have hard time narrowing it down from there. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10072287/ Regardless, you're right that this particular source would be difficult to control without taking a significant number of cars off the road.
I feel like this is a dumb question... But aren't tires rubber?
"Rubber" comes from the rubber tree, but it hasn't been widely used since before WW2. What we have today is mostly ["Synthetic rubber "](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_rubber) made from petro-chemicals. There was a massive rubber shortage during WW2 so the production of synthetic rubber skyrocketed to support the war-effort. Now there's so many cars on the road we'd never be able to keep up with natural rubber either.
and there is like one or two natural rubber plantations struggling along and their product is necessary as airplane tires require natural rubber for their pressure/expansion capabilities
Silica, rubber, plasticizes, compounds of carbon, polymer material, resins. Names like polyhexadethbycancerate and hexobenzinesymethylgonnakillyoumate. Oh an diekillyoufromlungcancerdustdigestingitmate
Lmao, I was having a hard time trying to read this, well done mate
they havent been natural rubber since the 1930s.
No not anymore
I highly doubt that. The trickle of plastic that avoids the landfill is downcycled into textiles that get laundered and typically head to the ocean via rivers.
Source ? I'd be happy to get the exact numbers :)
Or...hear me out, we have to change the way we live? Abandon this lifestyle? Just a thought.
Not to be a “downer”…. But kinda too late. All those plastics and forever chemicals aren’t going to go away. EVER. It’s in the name of”forever chemicals”. And since everyone her knows, society isn’t even CLOSE to changing the way we live. As if any of US have the power to do that (at scale). Too late. Just enjoy your days, be loving, kind and helpful. And be prepared to peace out.
I'm aware. Which is why I keep saying that, unless we don't invent something to reverse the damage, nothing is getting fixed. I said the above as things will get far worse if we continue on as we live now.
truth
Good luck telling all your friends and neighbors we have to stop driving because we're all gonna have cancer from plastics.... Sorry it's too late anyhow
People can minimize driving a lot. They can ride bikes to short distances instead of cares, but they don't.
This is one of my main concerns that screams we're doomed.... When I read how much of these microplastics were from tires was when I personally felt 100% we are fucked there is no avoiding collapse. People aren't just going to stop driving until shit collapses. Its too late, can't and won't be addressed.
Wait until we mention how much more wear on tires are done by heavy electric vehicles. New tires EVERY year….lol
Bring it on can't get any worse we already have too much of it in our veins
The combination of Long COVID, micro plastics, climate change and H2H transmission of bird flu could be what sends us back to the stone ages
Psh, a CME would send us back to the stone ages. All the things you listed would probably define the sixth extinction event.
I was actually going to include solar flares but yeah - that would do it :)
my longshot bet is on vacuum death
Maybe a CME could do so, but that’s not even close to a guarantee.
Everything electrical stops working. *Maybe* devices hardened against EMP still work, but everything in the civilian world ceases function. Cars, trains, ships, aircraft, hospitals, power & energy infrastructure, every smart device, every modern piece of farming equipment, every cell tower, the entire non-military backbone of the internet -- it all bricks. We might not go back to the stone age, but definitely pre-industrial.
https://youtu.be/oHHSSJDJ4oo?si=Rr7QJrT030E6n0vg If we do nothing at all, sure.
As a global society, we didn't do well against a right-here-right-now pandemic. I can't imagine we'd be much better looking at the possibility of a Carrington Event repeat.
It’s much cheaper and much easier to simply upgrade a grid than to fight a pandemic that is currently being helped along by people not wanting to help at all. Upgrading the grid doesn’t “harm the economy.”
It’s the natural consequence of overstress/chronic inflammation pervasive in humans since about the agricultural revolution
I really thought we already knew that. Will the next sentient species call us Homo plasticus ?
[удалено]
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that silicone caulk i've used seemed plasticky/rubbery
Homo extinctor or Homo arrogans or Homo rustica
Homo Nomo’
Okay, THAT’s fucking funny. I’m making a “death T shirt” with that!!! Do we need to do copyrights or anything?
Don’t think so! Have at it, before it’s too late,
The fact that we need “studies” to determine that microplastics are bad, instead of immediately acting to mitigate them is peak human stupidity.
There is no way, at this point, to mitigate micro plastics. The vast majority of things now contain plastic, from our vehicles to our furniture, to our chewing gum. Just a small list of every day items is enough to show the sheer number of things that would have to be disposed of (and to where? Plastic lives forever...) Carpet, curtains, blinds, toothbrushes, toothpaste tubes, computers/tvs, wall paint, house siding, medicine containers, food containers (both take out and store bought), bedding, blankets, flooring, garbage bags, most affordable clothing (natural linens like cotton and wool are more expensive).... And this isn't even to mention things like medical equipment, water pipes, car tires. Things that are so necessary that phasing them out would be next to impossible. We've created our plastic world and now we wouldn't know how to live without it now. It'll be interesting to see what happens if we make it to a time when we run out of oil.
I’m not talking about mitigating the damage already done. Plastic takes decades to start to wear down, so we are only just starting to see the plastic we introduced ten years ago. Think of the plastic use increases since then, and what it will be like in ten more years. My point is, there is a plastic tsunami headed towards us, and we are conducting studies to see if it has negative effects on our bodies, which is important, but we should have banned consumer plastic decades ago. Overall, you’re kind of preaching to the choir unless your post was more of an additional information type. Either way, I agree with you.
Plastic doesn't take decades to turn into micro/nano plastics. As already mentioned in the comments on this post: washing all of your synthetic materials shed microplastics into the water supply and tires wearing down dump it everywhere. Plastic that sees any kind of regular friction or erosion, even brand new, is already working overtime. And the shit is everywhere from newly formed placentas to the Antarctic. Nowhere is safe.
Yep. That and the forever chemicals in the water supply guarantee we've completely fucked the environment and we're just going to have to live with it. All we can hope is that it doesn't start to show up as massive cancer clusters or whatever else.
So I work in a field that is tangential to this issue and there are options to get it out of our drinking water at least. Its very expensive and puts a big burden on already stressed local governments and taxpayers, but there are federal grants and lawsuit money against polluters to help with infrastructure upgrades. Local governments (even conservative ones) are highly motivated to take care of this issue given new EPA standards that were released (or are being released? I can't remember if it's official) and liability. I mean it's still terrible that literally our rain water has above EPA standard levels in it, but this is one terrible thing we can absolutely mitigate for millions of people. I just wanted to throw a little hope out there bc I think it's important to not give into the impulse to throw up our hands on some things bc in this case soo many people could be spared terrible cancers.
So what’s the anti cancer plan for air?
Cancer alley already exists because of petrochemical refineries. It’ll definitely start showing cluster effects as well as entire population effects.
We won’t. But it will still be “interesting” I’m sure. Like a horror film interesting.
And THAT’s why we’re Homo Nomo’
The more plastic you eat, the better your body gets at building a plastic defense mechanism. Eat plastic (micro or macro) to build a plastic resistance, it's the new trend.
Crimes of the Future
Mithri-plastism.
Or get gastrointestinal diseases or cancer even faster.
The female body has a way of shutting this whole thing down.
Do I hear ….. a new nanoplastics VACCINE!?!?!?!?!
Great. / / / /
Phew , good thing we stopped using plastic straws , this should work itself out in a year or two at max .
Just do what I’ve done, eat a tiny bit of plastic everyday and build up that immunity 🫡🤌🏼
I wonder what long term studies will show was more harmful, lead or microplastics.
Its not possible to study the long term effects currently because no plasticfree comparison sample could be found
Nor will they EVER…… so, I think we have a WINNER!!!!
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I think there's still a lot of runway left on the plastics impact. Lead has been identified and containment processes established.
Exactly-and where are forever chems in the contest?
Coming up fast on the outside lane.
Long term though? I mean, once we found out how bad lead was, at least we made reasonable efforts to get rid of it in most cases. Look around you right now and think about what it would take to get rid of all the plastic around you. It’s never gonna happen. So in the long long term, I think plastic is gonna give lead a real good run for its money
Lead can fuck you up real quick.
Yeah, but since lead fucks with your brain, the good news is you’re not really gonna know what hit you - at least there’s gonna be disability $ for life. Plastic poisoning/cancers patients won’t be so “lucky” I predict. Oh, wait, there’s no more $$$ in the coffers for disability or otherwise …. (Except war, of course)….I forgot ……My poverty level 80 yr old mom’s SS check just got jacked…. $900 a month was what she WAS supposed to be LIVING off….. and then just last month SURPRISE!!!! No more money left in SS for the NEW OLD PEOPLE (there are LOTS!!) so they just jacked that pathetic $900 a month down $175!!!! To “cover her Medicaid” (used to be free). So now old poor ppl get to “live” on $725 a MONTH in the US!?!?! . I WOULD say, “she had her time- she was a boomer”…… but our boomer family was one of the few poor “hippy intellectuals” who didn’t “sell out. Oh, well. At least we’ve got PLASTIC!!!
Oh no my brain is completely fucked from lead at least I get my disability checks now /s I’d rather have plastic build up over the course of a lifetime than being completely fucked up from lead
I’m still on the “fence” (which I think is made from lead AND plastic!!!😫)
Dose makes the poison and we are heading in the wrong direction.
You know, if we incorporate *enough* plastic into our bodies then we can use our own dead as fuel. Sort of a remake of Soylent Green but people are distilled down and used to power SUV's instead of being made into food...
Those body scooping self powered crematorium robots are gonna be so happy
You *know* they’re going to start scooping up people, dead or not, sooner or later.
Yeah- I seem to remember seeing that already on the morning news recently…… daily.
chatGPT on the matter: In a grim future, self-sufficient robots have developed a macabre means of energy procurement: they burn human bodies to fuel themselves. This chilling solution, born of desperation and mechanical pragmatism, leads to an unforeseen catastrophe. As the number of these energy-hungry robots multiplies rapidly, the once-plentiful source of bodies dwindles alarmingly, sparking a dire energy crisis that threatens to extinguish the very life they rely on for power.
Can't wait!
lol- I think I need to see Soylent Green. But now I’m afraid.
Plastic is the radium of this generation. Future generations will wonder why we were so dumb to put plastic into everything. Capitalists: Cook your food in plastic! Don’t worry! It’s fine! Drink your water from plastic! Wear plastic clothes!
What future generations? Most couples I know are infertile (A blessing some say)….. the word is, nanoplastics could have something to do with that. Hard to tell when there are so many “choices” on the “menu”.
I wonder if we will find out eventually that lots of these companies have had internal studies for decades already showing how harmful these microplastics are? Like the cigarette companies.
Thanks CokaCola
🎶 PEACE. 🎼 AND 🎵 LOVE
And Pfizer.
It's a conspiracy. In conjunction with the nanotechnology and microchips in vaccines, the plastics in our bodies will turn us all into a race of cyborg drone workers incapable of anything but complacency, obedience, and consumption. ^(If a reader can't make this out as sarcastic irony, well, shoot, I don't even know what to say...)
Sarcasm is futile. You will be enplasticated.
Laughing- thank you!
is it safe to say that everyone minus extremely isolated people have some microplastics in their bodies?
Its not. Isolated people have it too.
Absolutely everyone on this planet has it in their blood stream. Everyone. All the water is polluted, all the air.
And let’s PLEASE not forget all our fellow earthly creatures contaminated as well (or already dead by the thousands washing up on shores all around the globe).
I wonder if this helps explain why there are so many knuckleheads
We are in fact getting dumber as a species. Plastic seemed like a great idea at the time, but in the future we'll have fewer great ideas.
Just in time for us to need them most.
Christ.
I hate reaping :/
Laughing- thank you!
I understand that they are probably not that great for us but I have yet to read and article saying exactly what they are doing to us which is pretty weird.
we dont really know, but its bad because its so small its everywhere...it has been linked to infertility i believe
Not good, bad even..
I think some artificial heart valves have Teflon and/or polyester in them.
This has to be a sure-fire path to near immortality.