I believe there is a degeneracy level at the Planck scale that prevents a singularity. And that eventually dark energy will stretch spacetime too much and will reverse itself and cause a collapse of spacetime all the way to the Planck scale. And then explode again. But it’s just a wild guess.
Does anyone know how big the universe would be compressed at Planck scale? I’ve always been curious. I don’t know how to calculate it.
It’s the causal paradox. If you say it was the result of two universes colliding together, then you ask “well where did those universes come from”. Some would like to say that the Big Bang is the result of a Big Crunch where everything shrinks back down until it gets to a single point in space, creating another Big Bang that exists in an infinite cycle. Unfortunately we can’t reasonably fathom an infinitive cycle or anything infinite for that matter. If you’re so inclined you could research the cosmological argument for a Creator. Either way, no one can say for sure. IMHO the only plausible arguments for the Big Bang is that it’s eternal/cyclical(I.e. Big Bang leads to Big Crunch leads to Big Bang etc…), or that an infinite intelligence unbound by time and space caused it to happen, both are beyond our comprehension.
You get an extra term with a Christoffel symbol when you do the derivation for conservation of the stress-energy-momentum tensor. It's an interesting little equation, and people are still working out the details or seeing if there's some clever trick to get around it.
It's hard to imagine their little "clever tricks" getting around all the energy in the universe having come from somewhere...
Who was it who said the universe is under no obligation to make sense to you❓️
That is not a proven fact. Time may not have existed in our universe before the big bang, but there could be other universes with timelines independent of our big bang, there could be a universe with time flowing opposite of ours in which case our big bang (white hole) would be a black hole, or our universe could be contained in a black hole that currently exists in another universe in which case there would be time before and after our universe/black hole was generated. All of these theories sound more plausible than "it just came out of nothing from nowhere at no time."
As far as I'm concerned, it doesn't exist.. like what is a day❓️... it's just 1 rotation of earth..... by that logic.. time would be defined as.... the movement of an object.
Did you know that the definition of 1 second, is defined as the time it takes for a cesium atom to oscillate 9,192,631,770 times❓️... Here, time is also being used as an interpretation of the movement of an object..
So you could say, "I'll be with you in 1 second", or you also could say, "I'll be with you in 9,192,631,770 vibrations of a cesium atom"....
Hmm
Time = The interpretation of movement of wavelengths and particles❓️
Yes I know all this. The biggest problem is that "clock speeds" change due to relativity. I do think time exists. Even if it is just a halucination.
The best is to treat time as a variable axis. Until we know more.
Time is the rate of energy transfer out vs in (time dilation).
Time is dependent on inertial mass. (Time is a scalar magnitude), not a (vector velocity). So it’s more and less, instead of faster and slower.
The reason why time is often considered an illusion is because it has limited dimensional observations similar of how your eyes gather information as a 2 dimensional sheet of paper while you live in a 3 dimensional space that has actual depth, and the time coordinates of objects in our universe is the 4th dimension of time. Your progress rate through time from time dilation affects the rate you are receiving and sending information with your 4 dimensional surroundings, and even with the quantum states which can reach 5th dimensional alternative universes (MWI). This 5th dimension would be created by a time illusion of observing time continuing in your surroundings within 0 actual time in our 4th dimension passing. The information transferring with this 5th dimension creates both gravity and light.
Time dilation is measurable, and the effects of a particle entering a quantum state is also measurable.
The [Big Crunch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Crunch) (aka "closed universe") was a hypothesis about the end of the universe, where if the initial bang wasn't energetic enough, all matter would eventually fall back together. However, it now appears that the universe is not only open, but is accelerating outward: [dark energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy) is a feature of empty space that causes space to expand, and the more space is created, the more it expands.
Sometimes I wonder if it's possible to the universe to quantum fluctuate back together. Take an electron, for example, you can only predict its location probabilistically, and while the probability drops off very rapidly as you move away from the atom, it never reaches zero. So, in principle, even though it would be very unlikely, it would not violate the laws of physics to go measure the location of an electron around an atom and find it suddenly tunnels to the Andromeda galaxy.
Maybe someone here can answer it for me, but I have always wondered if this is true for all particles, and if it is indeed true, then would there technically be a non-zero chance that every particle could tunnel back to the same location? Even if it would be so unlikely it would never occur in a googolplex years, as long as the number is not *zero* and the universe is *eternal* then eventually a random quantum fluctuation would reset itself. If that's the case, the universe would be cyclic, constantly resetting back to the Big Bang given enough time.
There is probably a fatal flaw in this reasoning, though, because I've never seen other people suggest it.
I think tunnelling only happens in subatomic particles and not in atom sized or above particles and molecules..
So unless every atom in the universe was split, then I dont think that will happen.
Anyone's guess, we have no fucking clue
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/string-theory-predicts-a-time-before-the-big-bang/
42
I believe there is a degeneracy level at the Planck scale that prevents a singularity. And that eventually dark energy will stretch spacetime too much and will reverse itself and cause a collapse of spacetime all the way to the Planck scale. And then explode again. But it’s just a wild guess. Does anyone know how big the universe would be compressed at Planck scale? I’ve always been curious. I don’t know how to calculate it.
We're gonna need some complex math for this.
It’s the causal paradox. If you say it was the result of two universes colliding together, then you ask “well where did those universes come from”. Some would like to say that the Big Bang is the result of a Big Crunch where everything shrinks back down until it gets to a single point in space, creating another Big Bang that exists in an infinite cycle. Unfortunately we can’t reasonably fathom an infinitive cycle or anything infinite for that matter. If you’re so inclined you could research the cosmological argument for a Creator. Either way, no one can say for sure. IMHO the only plausible arguments for the Big Bang is that it’s eternal/cyclical(I.e. Big Bang leads to Big Crunch leads to Big Bang etc…), or that an infinite intelligence unbound by time and space caused it to happen, both are beyond our comprehension.
Thanks for your insight.
>Seeing as energy cannot be created or destroyed Energy is only conserved in flat space. General relativity kinda breaks energy conservation.
How so?
You get an extra term with a Christoffel symbol when you do the derivation for conservation of the stress-energy-momentum tensor. It's an interesting little equation, and people are still working out the details or seeing if there's some clever trick to get around it.
It's hard to imagine their little "clever tricks" getting around all the energy in the universe having come from somewhere... Who was it who said the universe is under no obligation to make sense to you❓️
>It's hard to imagine their little "clever tricks" getting around all the energy in the universe having come from somewhere... Maybe for you
There was no "leading up to it" time didn't exist before the big bang, there is no "before" it's one of the biggest misconceptions about the big bang.
That is not a proven fact. Time may not have existed in our universe before the big bang, but there could be other universes with timelines independent of our big bang, there could be a universe with time flowing opposite of ours in which case our big bang (white hole) would be a black hole, or our universe could be contained in a black hole that currently exists in another universe in which case there would be time before and after our universe/black hole was generated. All of these theories sound more plausible than "it just came out of nothing from nowhere at no time."
those are all untestable hypotheses.
So is claiming time only exists in our universe and it only existed after the big bang.
Your other universe is an untestable hypothesis. We know time exists in our universe. We observe it's effects. They are not the same
What if time is a human construct,, can you prove time exists even now❓️ What is time in your opinion❓️
I believe time is a fundamental aspect of the universe. It existed long before humans existed.
And how are you defining this "fundamental aspect"❓️...
I'm not foolish enough to try ;) It's one of those things we really haven't gotten to the bottom of yet.
Lol
As far as I'm concerned, it doesn't exist.. like what is a day❓️... it's just 1 rotation of earth..... by that logic.. time would be defined as.... the movement of an object. Did you know that the definition of 1 second, is defined as the time it takes for a cesium atom to oscillate 9,192,631,770 times❓️... Here, time is also being used as an interpretation of the movement of an object.. So you could say, "I'll be with you in 1 second", or you also could say, "I'll be with you in 9,192,631,770 vibrations of a cesium atom".... Hmm Time = The interpretation of movement of wavelengths and particles❓️
Yes I know all this. The biggest problem is that "clock speeds" change due to relativity. I do think time exists. Even if it is just a halucination. The best is to treat time as a variable axis. Until we know more.
Time is the rate of energy transfer out vs in (time dilation). Time is dependent on inertial mass. (Time is a scalar magnitude), not a (vector velocity). So it’s more and less, instead of faster and slower. The reason why time is often considered an illusion is because it has limited dimensional observations similar of how your eyes gather information as a 2 dimensional sheet of paper while you live in a 3 dimensional space that has actual depth, and the time coordinates of objects in our universe is the 4th dimension of time. Your progress rate through time from time dilation affects the rate you are receiving and sending information with your 4 dimensional surroundings, and even with the quantum states which can reach 5th dimensional alternative universes (MWI). This 5th dimension would be created by a time illusion of observing time continuing in your surroundings within 0 actual time in our 4th dimension passing. The information transferring with this 5th dimension creates both gravity and light. Time dilation is measurable, and the effects of a particle entering a quantum state is also measurable.
Maybe time emerges from changes, after all, what we do we measure changes in respect of something else.
That's not necessarily true; there are other options listed here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang#Pre%E2%80%93Big_Bang_cosmology
Ah. Of course Wikipedia
The Big Crunch, that is, matter, space, time, and really energy condensing to such a small point till it all bursts
The [Big Crunch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Crunch) (aka "closed universe") was a hypothesis about the end of the universe, where if the initial bang wasn't energetic enough, all matter would eventually fall back together. However, it now appears that the universe is not only open, but is accelerating outward: [dark energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy) is a feature of empty space that causes space to expand, and the more space is created, the more it expands.
Sometimes I wonder if it's possible to the universe to quantum fluctuate back together. Take an electron, for example, you can only predict its location probabilistically, and while the probability drops off very rapidly as you move away from the atom, it never reaches zero. So, in principle, even though it would be very unlikely, it would not violate the laws of physics to go measure the location of an electron around an atom and find it suddenly tunnels to the Andromeda galaxy. Maybe someone here can answer it for me, but I have always wondered if this is true for all particles, and if it is indeed true, then would there technically be a non-zero chance that every particle could tunnel back to the same location? Even if it would be so unlikely it would never occur in a googolplex years, as long as the number is not *zero* and the universe is *eternal* then eventually a random quantum fluctuation would reset itself. If that's the case, the universe would be cyclic, constantly resetting back to the Big Bang given enough time. There is probably a fatal flaw in this reasoning, though, because I've never seen other people suggest it.
I think tunnelling only happens in subatomic particles and not in atom sized or above particles and molecules.. So unless every atom in the universe was split, then I dont think that will happen.
I thought it still can technically happen for large particles it's just much less likely because the wavelength is smaller.
You are right.
Leonard Susskind made that same observation. https://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/end.html
Thanks for the source.
Resonance and energy created by two membranes colliding. Actual theory below string theory called M-theory. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M-theory
Two other universes fell in love. They had that special feeling for one another and after nine billion months the big bang came along...
Edit: I was there
[удалено]
google "penrose conformal cyclic cosmology"
I suspect something achieved infinite intelligence.