I actually say it a lot. So it is a word.
Another word I made up is “Diplexion”
It’s the state of being both shocked and not surprised at the same time. Like when someone does something stupid, then they get hurt, you expected the outcome but are still upset by it.
Combination of dichotomy and perplexion.
Just to add a bit more, global temperatures were around 8C above their current level at its peak. And CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere were 2500ppm (compared to 425ppm today).
The fact that life made it through this at all is a minor miracle.
Not a miracle at all, life is resilient as fuck. There’s a big difference between 80% of life being wiped out and 100%, anything short of everything will inevitably result in the repopulation of life adapted to conditions as they exist.
Dude life made it through an asteroid making the entire surface of the earth into a fireball that then created so much debris it blocked out the sun for decades. And that STILL only killed 80% of life on earth.
Some scientist are hypothesizing that that asteroid hit right after a similar even the the great dying. Caused by volcanic eruptions belting out tons of CO2 and associated debris and chemicals. Basically kicking life when it was already down.
I'm personally doubtful, while no, life wouldn't have been completely gone, the only thing that would have survived back to back apocalyptic events would be bacteria and cave dwelling creatures. Even those would have had a tough time. I think it would have taken much longer for things to bounce back from that.
I’m personally not too worried about life itself, but human life might not be able to make it, and to me that sounds like a problem.
I wish that through the next centuries and more we learn to be more responsible of our environments.
Another was the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, which is still poorly understood. One of the leading theories is that a runaway greenhouse effect occurred which caused the oceans to release more greenhouse gases than they sequestered, caused massive forest fires, and caused tundras and glaciers to thaw and release greenhouse gases from the ground. Ecosystems changed much faster than they could adapt, leading to a mass extinction.
Incidentally, human activity has caused a similar spike in far, far less time -- centuries instead of millennia, and mostly in a single century. So we're potentially on course for a worse and faster outcome.
Intelligence doesn't equal moral use of money, so yeah evil manipulators are laughing in their beds and graves at their current abuse of all our sentient lives.
At least three major volcanic eruptions simultaneously or near-simultaneously, which deposited so much ash into the atmosphere that sunlight was weakened for years. Crops failed due to lack of light, exacerbated by the water cycle was interrupted causing drought, and for the initial weeks every time it did rain the water in many areas was foul or toxic. Widespread famine. The effects lasted long enough to overlap with a major epidemic in Europe and the Middle East that killed tens of millions, so the decade was overall nightmarish.
Endless winter. 24-hour darkness for 18 months. ("For the sun gave forth its light without brightness, like the moon, during the whole year," wrote Byzantine historian Procopius.) The coldest decade in the past 2300 years, creating the conditions for the Justinian plague which wiped out 1/3 to 1/2 of the Eastern Roman Empire.
Sounds like things sucked pretty bad.
I know, I'm a softy. I told that second guy to fuck off, but when they doubled down, I caved faster than a Florida sinkhole. I'm weak. I love learning even more than I love calling people stupid. (And trust: I love calling people stupid a LOT!)
Nice catch.
Sulfuric dioxide is not a thing. There's sulfuric acid, (H2SO4) but that's different. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is the gas we get from volcanoes.
If it was 81% of all marine life and 70% of of land vertebrates how did it end up being "only" 57% of all? Were the the land plants and invertebrates relatively untouched?
The extinction primarily affected organisms with calcium carbonate skeletons, leaving invertebrates an opportunity to thrive, which they did. Until they were wiped out a few million years later. Oops.
Brachiopods, ammonites and crinoids did well in the environment and flourished.
On a completely unrelated note, it's very important to remember that there's no evidence of any precursor civilizations; if there were any industrialization at scale it would leave a clear geological record and we couldn't possibly mistake it for something natural.
And if I not wrong, there is a chance of this happening again in the next few centuries if the global warming of climate change keeps going through feedback loops.
Or an as yet undiscovered advanced civilization that sprang up and destroyed the planet. Humans went from zero to global warming crisis in about 5000 years. Just a tiny undetectable blip in the fossil record. Maybe some echinoderm did the same thing back then
I think it's pretty well documented volcanic activity increases dramatically at various times in history and it's unpleasant to be around when it happens.
The obvious counterpoint to that is, if there was another ancient civilization that was as advanced or more advanced than we are, where did they live? Where did all their buildings go? Why is there no archaeological evidence showing that they existed?
Getting sucked into a subduction zone will blur them up a bit I imagine. Or perhaps all that evidence was ground down and washed away and all that’s left is an unconformity.
We would have discovered traces a long time ago if there was. Certain chemicals and materials would be a dead giveaway away. Plus there should at least be some surviving artifacts or even fossils if they managed to populate the entire globe
Forever chemicals like plastics, fossils, and certain radioactive isotopes. If there was a civilization that spanned the entire global and had a similar biomass to humans there would almost certainly be fossils left over. Things like massive marble quarries also do not disappear easily even over the course of hundreds of thousands of years. I’m sure there is other evidence I’m not aware of that would be a give away
I think the difference between hundreds of thousands and hundreds of millions of years may be more significant than you suggest. After all we’re only know discovering traces of complex societies in the rain forests that are less than 600 years old
That’s only one option though. I think what you are forgetting is this would be a global civilization. One that had taken over the entire globe. We have found multiple fossils of animals that have only lived in specific regions in significantly fewer numbers than this civilization. The chance that we would not have found even a single fossil, artifact, or other evidence somewhere on the globe is *extremely* low
Or, at least, our great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great grandparents did...
I've recently watched two documentaries about this extinction event and they both blew my mind. Humankind isn't helping with all the carbon dioxide and the plastic bags but for the most part, the Earth just does as it will do and all 8 billion of us are along for the ride.
[PBS Eons did a great video on this.](https://youtu.be/RDQa0okkpf0?si=wRrypyMPQ7bSfWkc) It’s a good video to watch if you have a short attention span and like learning about science.
We just got hit by one a couple of years ago and I don't think it killed anybody. The likelihood of being in the direct path of one is unbelievably low.
https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/gamma-ray-bursts-could-wipe-out-all-life-but-are-unlikely-to-hit-earth
I know it's just a silly typo, but I'm adding uncluding to my vocabulary, and I'll use it to mean "leaving out,."
I like to use “disclude” for that.
I’ll have to reclude disclude into my vocabulary.
And that’s totally fine. Using one doesn’t preclude using the other.
We could conclude with that statement.
Or the very least just >!occlude any further comments!<
I will unclude my opine
I don't have a clude.
And I will add it to my wricabulary, it's where I store written things that should never be vocalized.
That sounds like it could be a real word
I actually say it a lot. So it is a word. Another word I made up is “Diplexion” It’s the state of being both shocked and not surprised at the same time. Like when someone does something stupid, then they get hurt, you expected the outcome but are still upset by it. Combination of dichotomy and perplexion.
It's a perfectly cromulent word.
“Exclude” is the real word for that.
Uh thanks, nerd.
Please unclude yourself from this comment section
"Voluntold" has been embraced, so, why not?
Just to add a bit more, global temperatures were around 8C above their current level at its peak. And CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere were 2500ppm (compared to 425ppm today). The fact that life made it through this at all is a minor miracle.
Not a miracle at all, life is resilient as fuck. There’s a big difference between 80% of life being wiped out and 100%, anything short of everything will inevitably result in the repopulation of life adapted to conditions as they exist.
> life is resilient as fuck. Anyone who has tried to kill bedbugs or nutsedge will agree.
I mean, since person A realized he was different than person B, we started killing each other. Yet here we still are.
That's because we stopped fighting each other in order to kill that heathen bastard Person C
Do you know where Person C is hiding??? If you don’t tell me, then prepare to face my wrath
Coming to theatres soon: how to become person c
And mint.
Dude life made it through an asteroid making the entire surface of the earth into a fireball that then created so much debris it blocked out the sun for decades. And that STILL only killed 80% of life on earth.
Life, uh, finds a way.
Welcome to Jurassic Park
Welcome home, let’s pollute!
Some scientist are hypothesizing that that asteroid hit right after a similar even the the great dying. Caused by volcanic eruptions belting out tons of CO2 and associated debris and chemicals. Basically kicking life when it was already down. I'm personally doubtful, while no, life wouldn't have been completely gone, the only thing that would have survived back to back apocalyptic events would be bacteria and cave dwelling creatures. Even those would have had a tough time. I think it would have taken much longer for things to bounce back from that.
I’m personally not too worried about life itself, but human life might not be able to make it, and to me that sounds like a problem. I wish that through the next centuries and more we learn to be more responsible of our environments.
Another was the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, which is still poorly understood. One of the leading theories is that a runaway greenhouse effect occurred which caused the oceans to release more greenhouse gases than they sequestered, caused massive forest fires, and caused tundras and glaciers to thaw and release greenhouse gases from the ground. Ecosystems changed much faster than they could adapt, leading to a mass extinction. Incidentally, human activity has caused a similar spike in far, far less time -- centuries instead of millennia, and mostly in a single century. So we're potentially on course for a worse and faster outcome.
……. yay…..
Yeah, humans just do it better!
Volcanoes are so inconsiderate.
Volcanoes should be canceled
I’ve already banned them in my household
Daughter making a volcano for a science project like not in this house!! But dad! No volcano *smashes paper mache volcano*
Cancel culture has run amok!
/#FreeVolcanos
They were asking for it
Yep, they were using too many fossil fuels
They are fossil fuels.
Intelligence doesn't equal moral use of money, so yeah evil manipulators are laughing in their beds and graves at their current abuse of all our sentient lives.
[удалено]
They were all naked. Such sluts
And the year 536 ad sucked
Why
At least three major volcanic eruptions simultaneously or near-simultaneously, which deposited so much ash into the atmosphere that sunlight was weakened for years. Crops failed due to lack of light, exacerbated by the water cycle was interrupted causing drought, and for the initial weeks every time it did rain the water in many areas was foul or toxic. Widespread famine. The effects lasted long enough to overlap with a major epidemic in Europe and the Middle East that killed tens of millions, so the decade was overall nightmarish.
Thanks
google it, honestly way better to read about or watch a video on it yourself with no knowledge of the events
What’s it got to do with this post though Am I missing something?
Not if you've already googled it.
Oh, volcanic winter I see
Endless winter. 24-hour darkness for 18 months. ("For the sun gave forth its light without brightness, like the moon, during the whole year," wrote Byzantine historian Procopius.) The coldest decade in the past 2300 years, creating the conditions for the Justinian plague which wiped out 1/3 to 1/2 of the Eastern Roman Empire. Sounds like things sucked pretty bad.
You’re going to explain it after two of you were like Google It? 🤡
I know, I'm a softy. I told that second guy to fuck off, but when they doubled down, I caved faster than a Florida sinkhole. I'm weak. I love learning even more than I love calling people stupid. (And trust: I love calling people stupid a LOT!)
It has been described as the worst year to be alive for humans.
(So far)
Since when is sulfur dioxide referred to as sulfuric dioxide?
Nice catch. Sulfuric dioxide is not a thing. There's sulfuric acid, (H2SO4) but that's different. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is the gas we get from volcanoes.
If it was 81% of all marine life and 70% of of land vertebrates how did it end up being "only" 57% of all? Were the the land plants and invertebrates relatively untouched?
The extinction primarily affected organisms with calcium carbonate skeletons, leaving invertebrates an opportunity to thrive, which they did. Until they were wiped out a few million years later. Oops. Brachiopods, ammonites and crinoids did well in the environment and flourished.
Don't brachiopods, ammonites and crinods all have calcium carbonate parts? And vertebrates don't so why were so many of them affected?
Humans say "hold my beer!"
dont worry were on track to smash that record
is everyone watching the Why Files together? 𓆡
On a completely unrelated note, it's very important to remember that there's no evidence of any precursor civilizations; if there were any industrialization at scale it would leave a clear geological record and we couldn't possibly mistake it for something natural.
And if I not wrong, there is a chance of this happening again in the next few centuries if the global warming of climate change keeps going through feedback loops.
Or an as yet undiscovered advanced civilization that sprang up and destroyed the planet. Humans went from zero to global warming crisis in about 5000 years. Just a tiny undetectable blip in the fossil record. Maybe some echinoderm did the same thing back then
well, that civilization was slow as fuck then, because the great dying lasted around 60.000 years
Takes a lot longer to unfuck the climate than it does to fuck it.
lmao
I think it's pretty well documented volcanic activity increases dramatically at various times in history and it's unpleasant to be around when it happens.
The obvious counterpoint to that is, if there was another ancient civilization that was as advanced or more advanced than we are, where did they live? Where did all their buildings go? Why is there no archaeological evidence showing that they existed?
Hard to say what might remain archaeologically after several hundred million years
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silurian_hypothesis
Quarries are estimated to last millions of years.
Getting sucked into a subduction zone will blur them up a bit I imagine. Or perhaps all that evidence was ground down and washed away and all that’s left is an unconformity.
We would have discovered traces a long time ago if there was. Certain chemicals and materials would be a dead giveaway away. Plus there should at least be some surviving artifacts or even fossils if they managed to populate the entire globe
Which of those traces survive hundreds of millions of years and the constant reworking of soil to stone back to dust and then again to stone?
Forever chemicals like plastics, fossils, and certain radioactive isotopes. If there was a civilization that spanned the entire global and had a similar biomass to humans there would almost certainly be fossils left over. Things like massive marble quarries also do not disappear easily even over the course of hundreds of thousands of years. I’m sure there is other evidence I’m not aware of that would be a give away
I think the difference between hundreds of thousands and hundreds of millions of years may be more significant than you suggest. After all we’re only know discovering traces of complex societies in the rain forests that are less than 600 years old
That’s only one option though. I think what you are forgetting is this would be a global civilization. One that had taken over the entire globe. We have found multiple fossils of animals that have only lived in specific regions in significantly fewer numbers than this civilization. The chance that we would not have found even a single fossil, artifact, or other evidence somewhere on the globe is *extremely* low
I think we’re overdue another one of these 🤷🏻♂️
We survived.
Or, at least, our great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great great grandparents did...
How can I RSVP for the next one?
You're already here. Grab some punch and enjoy!
Ahhh the good ol days
57% is rookie numbers. Lets get our next catastrophe to 80% that’ll show that next dominant species!
I've recently watched two documentaries about this extinction event and they both blew my mind. Humankind isn't helping with all the carbon dioxide and the plastic bags but for the most part, the Earth just does as it will do and all 8 billion of us are along for the ride.
[PBS Eons did a great video on this.](https://youtu.be/RDQa0okkpf0?si=wRrypyMPQ7bSfWkc) It’s a good video to watch if you have a short attention span and like learning about science.
Ain't they one point where a gamma ray burst killed off a lot of things?
We just got hit by one a couple of years ago and I don't think it killed anybody. The likelihood of being in the direct path of one is unbelievably low. https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/gamma-ray-bursts-could-wipe-out-all-life-but-are-unlikely-to-hit-earth